01 What is PCB surface treatment process? Copper surfaces on PCB without solder mask coverage, such as solder pads, gold fingers, mechanical holes, etc.  If there is no protective coating, the copper surface is easily oxidized, which affects the soldering between bare copper and components in the solderable area of the PCB. As shown in the figure below, the surface treatment is located on the outermost layer of the PCB, above the copper layer, serving as a “coating” on the copper surface. The main function of surface treatment is to protect the exposed copper surface from oxidation circuits, thereby providing a solderable surface for soldering during welding. 02 Classification of PCB surface treatment processes PCB surface treatment processes are divided into the following categories: Hot air solder leveling (HASL) Tin immersion (ImSn) Chemical nickel gold (immersion gold) (ENIG) Organic Solderable Preservatives (OSP) Chemical Silver (ImAg) Chemical nickel plating, chemical palladium plating,

A rigid-flex PCB is a new type of printed circuit board that combines the durability of rigid PCB and the flexibility of flexible PCB (FPC). Among all types of circuit boards, rigid-flex PCB offer the strongest resistance to harsh environments, making them popular among manufacturers of industrial control, medical, and military equipment. WonderfulPCB is also gradually increasing the proportion of rigid-flex PCB in its total production. The advantages of rigid-flex PCB are their excellent properties from both rigid PCB and flexible FPCs. They can be folded, bent, and save space, while still allowing the complex welding of components. Compared to traditional cables, they offer longer lifespan, more reliable stability, and are less prone to breaking, oxidation, or detachment, greatly improving product performance. However, rigid-flex PCB have some drawbacks: their production involves numerous processes, they are difficult to manufacture, have a low yield rate, require a large amount of material and labor, making them expensive and with a

SMT (Surface Mount Technology) processing is a crucial technique in the manufacturing of electronic devices. For procurement personnel new to this field, understanding the process flow of SMT assembly is fundamental. This article outlines the main steps in SMT processing to help you quickly grasp the core aspects of this technology. Basic Concept of SMT Processing SMT processing involves directly mounting electronic components onto the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and soldering them using methods such as reflow soldering or wave soldering. Compared to traditional through-hole technology, SMT offers advantages like higher assembly density, smaller size, lighter weight, greater reliability, and higher production efficiency, making it widely used in modern electronics manufacturing. The SMT processing workflow mainly includes the following steps: PCB Design and Fabrication The first step in SMT processing is designing and fabricating a PCB that meets the requirements. PCB design must consider component layout, routing, and

1. FPC Material Cutting Except for certain materials, most of the materials used in flexible printed circuits (FPC) come in rolls. Since not all processes require roll-based techniques, some processes, such as drilling metallized holes in double-sided flexible PCB, must be done with sheet-form materials. The first step for double-sided flexible PCB is cutting the material into sheets. Flexible copper-clad laminates have very low tolerance to mechanical stress and can be easily damaged. Any damage during the cutting process can significantly affect the yield of subsequent processes. Therefore, although cutting may seem simple, great care must be taken to ensure the material quality. For small quantities, manual cutting machines or rotary cutters can be used. For large-scale production, automatic cutting machines are preferable. Whether it’s single-sided or double-sided copper-clad laminates or cover films, cutting precision can reach ±0.33 mm. The cutting process is highly reliable, and the cut material is automatically

PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is an important electronic component that serves as a support structure for electronic components and a carrier for electrical connections. It is called a “printed” circuit board because it is produced using electronic printing techniques. PCB are one of the essential components in the electronics industry. Almost every electronic device, from small items like digital watches and calculators to large systems like computers, communication electronics, and military weapon systems, uses printed circuit boards to connect integrated circuits and other electronic components electrically. A printed circuit board consists of an insulating substrate, connecting wires, and pads for assembling and soldering electronic components, serving both as conductive pathways and an insulating base. It can replace complex wiring to achieve electrical connections between various components, simplifying assembly and soldering processes, reducing the workload associated with traditional wiring methods, and significantly decreasing labor intensity. Additionally, PCB help reduce the overall size of devices,