Iwe unotarisana nematambudziko akakosha paunenge uchishanda nerf pcb. Yakasimba rf dhizaini mitemo inokubatsira iwe kuwana yakanyanya kuita mune chero rf pcb dhizaini. RF masaini anoita zvakasiyana kubva kune akajairwa masaini. Kana ukasatevedzera iyi rf marongerwo emitemo, unogona kurasikirwa nechiratidzo chemhando uye kuvimba. Kungwarira dhizaini sarudzo uye kutevedzera yakajeka mitemo inoita kuti rf yako maseketi agadzikane uye ashande nemazvo. Gwaro iri rinokupa iwe ruzivo rwekugadzirisa dambudziko rega rega rerf nekuvimba.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Ita shuwa kuti trace yako ine impedance chaiyo. Izvi zvinochengeta masaini eRF akasimba uye anomisa kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo. Shandisa mitsetse pfupi uye yakatwasuka. Shandisa ndege dzepasi dzakasimba kuderedza ruzha uye kuchengetedza zviratidzo zvakajeka. Sarudza PCB zvinhu zvine yakaderera dielectric kugara uye kurasikirwa tangent. Izvi zvinobatsira masaini epamusoro-frequency kushanda zvirinani. Ronga yako PCB stackup ine yakanaka layer yekurongeka uye grounding. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora kupindira. Chengetedza analog, dijitari, uye RF masaini akaparadzana. Shandisa shielding kana uchida kuvhara ruzha.
RF PCB Dhizaini Basics
Nheyo Dzakakosha
Paunoshanda naye rf pcb marongerwo, unofanira kushandisa mitemo inokosha. High-frequency zviratidzo zvinogona kuita nenzira dzausingatarisiri. Aya masaini anogona kuwana kushaya simba kana kutora ruzha kana iwe usingateveri zvakarurama pcb magadzirirwo nhungamiro. Iwe unofanirwa kuchengetedza chiratidzo chekuvimbika chakasimba mune yega rf pcb dhizaini. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masaini ako anofanira kugara akajeka sezvavanofamba paPCB.
Tip: Ronga yako rf pcb marongero usati watanga. Kuronga kwakanaka kunokubatsira kumisa matambudziko asati atanga.
Heano mimwe mitemo yakakosha yeese rf pcb marongero:
Impedans Matching:
Iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa iyo impedance yematehwe ako kune sosi uye mutoro. Izvi zvinochengeta ratidziro dzakaderera uye chiratidzo chekuvimbika chakakwira. Kana iwe usingaenderane ne impedance, ako epamusoro-frequency masaini anogona kudzoka kumashure uye kukonzera kukanganisa.Mapfupi uye akananga Traces:
Ita kuti maronda ako ave mapfupi uye akatwasuka. Marefu kana akamonyoroka maronda anogona kuita senge antennas. Ivo vanogona kutora masaini ausingade uye kukuvadza rf yako dhizaini yedunhu.Solid Ground Planes:
Isa ndege yepasi yakasimba pasi pechikamu chako chepamusoro-frequency rf. Izvi zvinopa masaini ako nzira yakajeka yekudzoka. Zvinobatsirawo yakaderera ruzha uye anochengeta pcb yako marongerwo akatsiga.Deredza Crosstalk:
Chengetedza zvironda zviri kure kana uchikwanisa. Kana maronda ari pedyo, masaini anogona kusvetuka kubva kune imwe kuenda kune imwe. Iyi crosstalk inogona kukanganisa kutendeseka kwako kwechiratidzo.Kudzivirira uye Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe:
Chengetedza nzvimbo dzako dze rf kure nedhijitari kana magetsi maseketi. Shandisa shielding kana uchiida. Izvi zvinochengeta yako rf masaini akachena uye inovharira kunze ruzha.
Principle | Nei Zvichikosha muRF PCB Layout |
|---|---|
Impedans Matching | Inochengeta zviratidzo zviri pasi |
Short Traces | Inoderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kukanganisa |
Solid Ground Planes | Inovandudza kudzoka kwechiratidzo uye kugadzikana |
Deredza Crosstalk | Inodzivirira kutendeseka kwechiratidzo |
Kudzivirira/Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe | Inovhara kunze ruzha uye kukanganisa |
Unofanira kugara uchitarisa rf yako pcb marongerwo nemitemo iyi. Kungwarira dhizaini sarudzo dzinokubatsira iwe kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvakajairika murf wedunhu dhizaini.
RF vs. Standard PCB
Unogona kushamisika kuti rf pcb dhizaini yakasiyana sei neyakajairwa pcb dhizaini. Mhinduro iri pamusoro pekuti masaini akakwira-frequency anoita sei. Mune yakajairwa pcb marongero, unogona kusvetuka zvimwe zvidiki. Mune rf pcb dhizaini, zvese zvese zvakakosha.
High-Frequency Effects:
High-frequency signals inogona kudonhedza simba mumhepo. Vanogonawo kutora ruzha kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzePCB. Iwe unofanirwa kudzora izvi mhedzisiro nekungwarira rf pcb marongero.Impedance Control:
Mune yakajairwa pcb dhizaini, ungasanetseka nezve impedance. Mune rf pcb dhizaini, iwe unofanirwa kudzora impedance kune yega trace. Izvi zvinoita kuti chiratidzo chako chirambe chakasimba.Chiratidzo Kutendeseka:
Iwe unofanirwa kuchengetedza masaini ako kubva pakurasikirwa, ruzha, uye kukanganisa. High-frequency zviratidzo zvinonyanya kufunga nezvematambudziko aya. Unofanira kushandisa zvakasimba pcb dhizaini nhungamiro kuchengetedza zviratidzo zvako zvakachena.PCB Stackup:
Iwe unowanzo shandisa yakakosha stackups mu rf pcb. Iwe unogona kuwedzera mamwe mazinga epasi kana kushandisa zvakakosha zvinhu. Izvi zvinokubatsira kudzora impedance uye kuderedza kupindira.
Cherechedza: Gara uchibata yako yepamusoro-frequency rf chikamu nekuwedzera kutarisirwa. Zvikanganiso zvidiki zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru.
Heino kuenzanisa nekukurumidza:
mamiriro | Standard PCB | RF PCB (Yakakwirira-Frequency) |
|---|---|---|
Chiratidzo Kakawanda | Yakaderera kusvika pakuenzanisa | Yakakwira-frequency |
Impedans Matching | Kwete nguva dzose inodiwa | Nguva dzose inodiwa |
Chiratidzo Kuperera | Zvishoma kutsoropodza | Kutsoropodza zvakanyanya |
Marongerwo emitemo | Basic | Zvakaomarara uye zvakadzama |
Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu | Standard FR-4 | Special yakaderera-kurasikirwa zvinhu |
Iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera yakasimba pcb dhizaini nhungamiro kune yega rf pcb marongero. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviratidzo zvako zvepamusoro-frequency zvirambe zvakasimba uye yako rf pcb ichishanda zvakanaka. Paunoshandisa aya nhungamiro, unovaka akavimbika uye anoshanda rf maseketi.
Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu
Dielectric Zvivakwa
Paunenge uchigadzira yakakwirira-frequency pcb, unofanirwa kutarisa dielectric ehupfumi hwepcb substrate zvinhu. Iyo dielectric constant (Dk) uye kurasikirwa tangent (Df) inhamba mbiri dzakakosha. Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza mafambiro anoita masaini uye kuti anorasikirwa nesimba rakawanda sei. Kana iyo pcb substrate zvinhu ine yakakwira Dk, masaini anofamba zvishoma. Kana iyo Df yakakwira, zviratidzo zvinorasikirwa nesimba rakawanda sekupisa.
High-frequency zviratidzo zvinoshanda zvakanakisisa ne pcb substrate zvinhu ine yakaderera Dk uye yakaderera Df. Izvi zvinoita kuti masaini arambe achifamba nekukurumidza uye nesimba. Kana iwe ukasateerera kune izvi zvivakwa, yako yakakwirira-frequency masaini anogona kupera simba kana kusanganiswa. Unoda pcb wako kubatsira zviratidzo kufamba zvakajeka uye rakavimbika.
Tip: Nguva dzose tarisa database ye dielectric zvivakwa usati wasarudza pcb substrate zvinhu zvepamusoro-frequency magadzirirwo.
Common Materials
Iwe unogona kutora kubva kune akawanda pcb substrate zvinhu zvepamusoro-frequency anoshandisa. Chinyorwa chimwe nechimwe chine mapoinzi akanaka neakaipa. Hezvino zvimwe zvakajairika sarudzo:
FR-4: Ichi chinyorwa chinoshandiswa mune akawanda akajairwa pcb magadzirirwo. Iyo yakanaka kune yakaderera-frequency maseketi, asi kwete epamusoro-frequency.
Rogers (RO4000, RO3000): Iyi pcb substrate zvinhu ine yakaderera kurasikirwa uye yakatsiga dielectric zvivakwa. Inowanzoshandiswa kune yakakwirira-frequency circuits.
PTFE (Teflon): Ichi chinyorwa chine kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwakaderera uye yakatsiga Dk. Iyo yakanaka kwazvo yepamusoro-frequency pcb magadzirirwo.
Ceramic-yakazadzwa zvinhu: Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa zvirinani kutonga kwekupisa uye kurasikirwa kwakaderera pane yakakwirira-frequency.
Material Type | Dielectric Constant (Dk) | Kurasika Tangent (Df) | High-Frequency Kukodzera |
|---|---|---|---|
FR-4 | 4.2 - 4.7 | 0.02 | Low |
Rogers RO4000 | 3.38 | 0.0027 | High |
PTFE (Teflon) | 2.1 | 0.0002 | Pamusoro soro |
Ceramic-yakazadzwa | 3.0 - 10 | 0.001 - 0.005 | High |
Paunotora pcb substrate zvinhu, funga nezvenyu yepamusoro-frequency zvinodiwa, mutengo, uye kuti zviri nyore sei kugadzira iyo pcb. Nguva dzose sarudza chinhu chinokodzera zvaunoda chiratidzo.
RF PCB Stackup
Layer Arrangement
Unofanira kuronga pcb yako stackup usati watanga dhizaini yako. Nzira yaunoronga nayo mitsara mu pcb yako inokanganisa kuti zviratidzo zvinofamba sei uye kuti unowana ruzha rwakadii. Iyo yakanaka stackup inokubatsira kudzora impedance uye kuderedza kupindira. Iwe unogona kushandisa iri nyore-layer pcb, asi akawanda rf magadzirirwo anoshanda zvirinani ane mana kana anopfuura akaturikidzana.
Yakajairwa stackup yerf pcb inoshandisa aya maseru:
Top layer: Signal
Chikamu chechipiri: Ndege yepasi
Chechitatu: Simba kana chiratidzo
Pazasi musara: Pasi pasi kana chiratidzo
Iwe unofanirwa kuisa zvikwangwani zvako padyo nendege yepasi. Izvi zvinoita kuti impedance irambe yakasimba uye inobatsira masaini ako kuti agare akachena. Kana iwe ukashandisa mamwe akaturikidzana, unogona kuwedzera mamwe epasi ndege kuti atoite zvirinani kuita.
Tip: Nguva dzose chengeta zviratidzo zvako zvechiratidzo padyo sezvinobvira kune ndege yepasi. Izvi zvinokubatsira kudzivirira ruzha rusingadiwi.
Signal uye Ground Layers
Iyo ndege yepasi ndechimwe chezvakakosha zvikamu zve rf pcb yako. Iwe unoda yakasimba pasi ndege pasi pezviratidzo zvako. Izvi zvinopa masaini ako nzira yakajeka yekudzoka uye inoderedza njodzi yekukanganiswa. Kana iwe ukaputsa ndege yepasi, unogona kukonzera matambudziko echiratidzo.
Iwe unofanirwa kubatanidza ndege yako yepasi neakawanda vias. Izvi zvinoita kuti ndege yepasi irambe yakasimba uye zvinobatsira kumisa ruzha kubva pakupararira. Iwe unogona kushandisa tafura kuti uone kuti yakanaka stackup inotaridzika sei:
Layer Number | Rukoko Rudzi | Notes |
|---|---|---|
1 | Chiratidzo | Isa pedyo nendege yepasi |
2 | Ndege yepasi | Yakasimba, hapana mabreak |
3 | Simba/Chiratidzo | Ramba kure ne rf zviratidzo |
4 | Ndege yepasi | Yakawedzera nzira yekudzoka |
Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitarisa yako pcb kurongedza usati wavaka bhodhi rako. Ndege yakasimba yepasi uye smart layer kurongeka inokubatsira iwe kuwana yakanyanya rf performance.
Trace Dhizaini
Controlled Impedans
Iwe unofanirwa kudzora impedance mune yega rf pcb dhizaini. Inodzorwa impedance inochengeta yako rf masaini akasimba uye akajeka. Kana iwe usingaenderane neiyo impedance, yako rf traces inogona kukonzera kuratidza. Aya maratidziro anokanganisa kunaka kwechiratidzo. Iwe unofanirwa kushandisa hupamhi chaihwo uye kupatsanura kune yega yega rf trace. Iyo pcb zvinhu uye stackup zvakare inoshandura iyo impedance. Nguva dzose tarisa yako rf pcb marongerwo nekarukureta kana simulation chishandiso.
Tip: Shandisa hupamhi hwakafanana kune ese ma rf trace anotakura mhando imwechete ye rf chiratidzo. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuti uchengetedze impedance yakatsiga pane yako rf pcb dhizaini.
Microstrip uye Stripline
Iwe unowanzo shandisa microstrip kana stripline zvimiro mune rf pcb marongero dhizaini. Microstrip traces inogara pamusoro peiyo pcb ine ndege yepasi pazasi. Stripline traces inomhanya pakati pendege mbiri dzepasi mukati mePCB. Imwe neimwe mhando ine yayo yekushandisa mune rf pcb trace dhizaini.
mamiriro | Nzvimbo paPCB | Shielding Level | Chaizvoizvo Kushandisa |
|---|---|---|---|
Microstrip | Nzvimbo yepamusoro | nzira | Rakareruka rf routing |
Stripline | Rwomukati | High | Sensitive rf kutapurirana mitsara |
Microstrip iri nyore kugadzira uye kuongorora. Stripline inopa kudzivirira kurinani kune yako rf traces. Iwe unofanirwa kutora iyo yakakodzera mhando kune yako rf pcb marongero.
Routing Guidelines
Iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera yakakosha mitemo ye rf routing. Chengetedza rf yako ipfupi uye yakatwasuka sezvinobvira. Dzivisa makona akapinza. Shandisa mabhendi akapfava pane kudaro. Izvi zvinomisa kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye inochengeta yako rf masaini akachena. Usayambuka rf traces pamusoro pekutsemuka mundege yepasi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera ruzha uye matambudziko echiratidzo.
Isa rf inoteedzera kure kubva kune ine ruzha mitsetse yedhijitari.
Shandisa kuburikidza nekusona kubatanidza ndege dzepasi pedyo nerf transmission tambo.
Chengetedza nzvimbo iri pakati pe rf traces yakafara kudzikisa crosstalk.
Rangarira: Kungwarira rf pcb dhizaini uye yakangwara rf routing inokubatsira kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kukanganisa.
Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchiongorora yako rf pcb marongerwo usati wapedza. Yakanaka rf pcb trace dhizaini inoita kuti yako rf maseketi ashande zvirinani uye agare kwenguva refu.
Impedance Dhizaini
Theoretical Foundations
Impedance yakakosha mu rf pcb dhizaini. Iwe unofanirwa kudzora impedance kuti uchengetedze masaini akajeka. Impedance yakafanana nekupokana kwezviratidzo zvinofamba pane imwe nzira. In rf, zviratidzo zvinomhanya zvikuru. Kana impedance ichichinja, masaini anogona kudzoka kumashure. Aya mabhonzi anoita ruzha uye anonetesa yako rf zviratidzo. Iwe unofanirwa kuenzanisa iyo impedance yemateki kune sosi uye mutoro. Izvi zvinochengeta yako rf circuit design yakatsiga uye inomisa kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo.
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinokanganisa Impedance
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuchinja impedance mukati mako rf pcb. Iwe unofanirwa kutarisa zvinhu izvi paunenge uchigadzira:
Trace wide: Wider traces yakaderera impedance. Narrow traces inosimudza impedance.
Dielectric ukobvu: Iyo nzvimbo kubva pakutevera kuenda kune yepasi ndege inoshandura impedance.
Dielectric nguva dzose: The pcb zvinhu mhando anochinja sei masaini kufamba.
Mhangura ukobvu: Yakasimba mhangura inoshandura impedance mune yako rf traces.
PCB stackup: Marongedzero aunoita maseru mune yako rf pcb kuchinja impedance.
Nguva dzose tarisa zvinhu izvi usati wapedza yako rf design. Shanduko diki dzinogona kukanganisa hunhu hwechiratidzo.
Impedance Kuverenga Nzira
Iwe unogona kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekutsvaga iyo impedance chaiyo rf traces. Mainjiniya mazhinji anoshandisa online calculator kana yakakosha software. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mafomula e microstrip kana stripline traces. Heino fomura yakapusa ye microstrip impedance:
Z = (87 / sqrt(Dk + 1.41)) * ln(5.98 * H / (0.8 * W + T))
Where:
Z = kusagadzikana (ohms)
Dk = dielectric nguva dzose
H = kureba kubva kune imwe nzira kusvika kune pasi
W = tsvaga hupamhi
T = kutsvaga ukobvu
Unofanira kugara uchitarisa mhinduro yako nechishandiso kana simulation. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuchengetedza masaini akasimba mukati mako rf pcb.
Inoshanda Dhizaini Workflow
Iwe unogona kutevedzera aya matanho kudzora impedance mune yako rf pcb dhizaini:
Sarudza yako pcb zvinhu uye stackup.
Isa chinangwa chako impedance kune yega yega rf trace.
Shandisa karukureta kana chishandiso kuti uwane hupamhi hwekutsvaga.
Dhirowa yako rf traces nehupamhi chaihwo uye nzvimbo.
Tarisa marongero ako nemudziyo wekutevedzera.
Ongorora dhizaini yako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti unosangana zvese rf uye zviratidzo zvinodiwa.
Kunyatsoronga kunokubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko uye kuchengetedza yako rf zviratidzo akasimba.
Grounding Techniques
Ground Planes
Iwe unoda yakasimba yekumisa hurongwa kune yega yega rf dhizaini. Ndege yakasimba yepasi inopa yako rf masaini nzira yakajeka. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuderedza ruzha uye kuchengetedza masaini ako akachena. Isa ndege yepasi pasi pemaitiro ako erf. Izvi zvinoita kuti kugadzika kwako kuve nani uye kunobatsira nekudzoka kwechiratidzo. Kana iwe ukaputsa ndege yepasi, unogona kukonzera matambudziko munharaunda yako yerf. Nguva dzose chengetedza ndege yepasi yakakura uye isina kuputsika sezvinobvira.
Tip: Shandisa ndege yepasi yakazara pasi pechikamu chako che rf. Iyi nhanho yakapfava yekumisa inogona kumisa nyaya dzakawanda dzechiratidzo.
Iyo yakanaka yepasi zano inoshandisa imwechete pasi ndege kune ese rf zvikamu. Izvi zvinoita kuti masaini ako erf arambe akatsiga uye zvinokubatsira kudzivirira kukanganisa.
Via Stitching
Kuburikidza nekusonanidza kunobatanidza akasiyana pasi akaturikidzana mune yako rf pcb. Iwe unoisa akawanda madiki vias pamucheto werf yako yepasi ndege. Aya vias anobatanidza ndege dzepamusoro uye dzepasi pasi. Iyi nzira yekumisa nayo inomisa ruzha kubva kupararira. Iwe zvakare unoshandisa kuburikidza nekusona kuchengetedza yako rf masaini mukati meiyo nzvimbo chaiyo.
Isa vias padhuze pamwe chete kuti pave nekudzika kuri nani.
Shandisa kuburikidza nekusona kutenderedza rf traces uye padyo nenhengo dzakasimba.
Tafura inogona kukubatsira kuona kwekushandisa kuburikidza nekusona:
nharaunda | Via Stitching Inodiwa? |
|---|---|
RF trace edges | Ehe |
Zvikamu zvakadzivirirwa | Ehe |
Digital zvikamu | dzimwe nguva |
Dzokera Nzira
Iwe unofanirwa kupa yako rf masaini nzira yakajeka yekudzoka. Kugadzika kwakanaka kunoita kuti izvi zvive nyore. Kana nzira yekudzoka ikaputsika, masaini ako erf anogona kutora ruzha. Gara uchifambisa yako rf traces pamusoro peiyo yakasimba pasi ndege. Izvi zvinoita kuti nzira yekudzoka iite pfupi uye yakananga. Kana iwe ukaparadzanisa ndege yepasi, iwe unoita nzira yekudzoka kureba. Izvi zvinogona kukuvadza rf performance yako.
Rangarira: Kudzika kwakanaka kunopa masaini erf yako nzira yakachengeteka yekudzokera. Izvi zvinoita kuti dunhu rako rive rakasimba uye rakavimbika.
Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitarisa nzvimbo yako usati wapedza yako rf pcb. Chirongwa chakasimba chepasi chinobatsira yega yega rf dhizaini kushanda zvirinani.
Simba uye Decoupling
Power Routing
Unofanira kuronga power routing nokungwarira mukati RF PCB dhizaini. High-frequency circuits inoda simba rakachena uye rakatsiga. Kana ukasafambisa tambo dzemagetsi zvakanaka, ruzha runogona kuitika. Ruzha urwu runogona kuita kuti chiratidzo chako chiwedzere. Shandisa maronda emagetsi akakura kana ndege kuti uwane mibairo iri nani. Wide traces inodzikisira kuramba uye inochengetedza voltage. Ndege dzemagetsi dzinobatsirawo kumisa ruzha kubva kupararira.
Tip: Chengetedza maronda emagetsi kure nekunzwa RF mitsetse yechiratidzo. Izvi zvinobatsira kumisa kubatana kusingadiwe uye kukanganisa.
Heano matanho ekugadzirisa zvirinani magetsi:
Edza kushandisa ndege yemagetsi yakatsaurirwa.
Chengetedza magetsi mapfupi uye akananga.
Usashandise makona akapinza mumitsara yemagetsi.
Isa simba nendege dzepasi pedyo pamwe chete mu stackup.
Iyi tafura inoratidza yakanaka uye yakaipa nzira yemagetsi:
Simba Routing Practice | Mhedzisiro paRF PCB |
|---|---|
Wide traces/ndege | Ruzha rwepasi, simba rakagadzikana |
Yakareba, mitsetse mitete | Ruzha rwepamusoro, kudonha kwevoltage |
Pedyo nendege yepasi | Better noise control |
Decoupling Placement
Kudonhora capacitors batsira kudzivirira ruzha kubva kune magetsi. Isa aya ma capacitor padyo neimwe RF chip kana chikamu. Kana ukadziisa kure, haigoni kuvhara ruzha rwepamusoro-soro zvakanaka. Shandisa ma capacitor ane yakaderera yakaenzana akateedzana kuramba (ESR) kune yakanakisa mhedzisiro.
Isa diki-value capacitor, senge 0.01 µF, padyo neimwe neimwe RF IC pini yesimba. Wedzera hombe capacitor, senge 1 µF, padhuze yekusefa yakaderera-frequency.
Shandisa iyi cheki yekutarisa pakubvisa kubatanidza kuiswa:
Isa ma capacitor padhuze nepaunogona napo kuti usimbise mapini.
Shandisa inodarika kukosha imwe yekuvhara ma frequency akawanda.
Batanidza ma capacitor kundege yepasi nematanho mapfupi.
Good decoupling inochengeta yako RF zviratidzo zvakachena uye dunhu rako rakatsiga. Gara uchitarisa dhizaini yako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti une decoupling yakakwana pedyo yega yega RF chikamu.
Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye Kudzivirira
Kuparadzaniswa kwechiratidzo
Iwe unofanirwa kuchengeta masaini akasiyana ari parutivi paRF PCB yako. Paunoparadzanisa masaini, unomisa ruzha rusingadiwe kubva pakufamba pakati pawo. Isa analog uye masaini edhijitari munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzebhodhi rako. Izvi zvinobatsira chiratidzo chega chega kugara chakachena uye chakasimba. Iwe unofanirwawo kufambisa mitsetse yakakwira-frequency kure kubva kune yakaderera-frequency mitsetse. Kana ukayambuka nzira dzezviratidzo, zviite nekona chaiyo. Izvi zvinoderedza mukana wekupindira.
Tip: Shandisa mavara akajeka uye nzvimbo dzemhando yega yega yechiratidzo. Izvi zvinoita kuti chimiro chako chive nyore kutarisa uye kuchengetedza masaini akachengeteka.
Tafura iri nyore inogona kukubatsira kuronga kuparadzaniswa kwechiratidzo:
Chiratidzo Rudzi | Placement Advice |
|---|---|
Analog | Kure nemasaini edhijitari |
Digital | Kure kubva kuRF zvikamu |
RF | Isolated nendege yepasi |
Unogona kushandisa pasi ndege sezvipingamupinyi pakati pemhando dzechiratidzo. Izvi zvinowedzera imwe nhanho yekudzivirira.
EMI Kuderedza
Iwe unofanirwa kudzora emi kuchengetedza yako RF PCB ichishanda nemazvo. emi inomirira electromagnetic interference. Inogona kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zvirasikirwe nemhando kana kutokundikana. Kudzivirira inzira yakasimba yekuvhara emi. Iwe unogona kushandisa zvidzitiro zvesimbi pamusoro pezvikamu zvakaoma. Nhoo idzi dzinomisa ruzha rwekunze kuti rusasvike maseketi ako.
Iwe unofanirwawo kushandisa kuburikidza nekusona kutenderedza nzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti nhovo irambe yakabatana pasi uye ichivharira mamwe emi. Short traces uye yakasimba pasi ndege dzinobatsira kuderedza emi zvakare.
Isa nhovo pamusoro peRF machipisi uye antennas.
Shandisa pasi rinozadza pakati pemitsara yechiratidzo.
Chengetedza masaini ekumhanya-mhanya kure nemapendero ebhodhi.
Rangarira: Kudzivirira kwakanaka uye sarudzo dzakangwara dzemagadzirirwo chengetedza bhodhi rako kubva kune emi uye chengeta masaini ako akajeka.
Mazano ekugadzirisa eRF PCB
Component Placement
Unofanira kuronga pcb yako marongerwo usati watanga kuisa zvikamu. Kuiswa kwakanaka kunobatsira dhizaini yako kushanda zvakanaka. Isa antennas kumucheto kwebhodhi rako. Izvi zvinodzichengeta kure neruzha uye dzinoita kuti dzitumire nekugamuchira masaini zviri nani. Isa ma transmitters uye anogamuchira padyo neantenna. Tsanangudzo pfupi dzinokubatsira kutevera pcb dhizaini nhungamiro uye chengetedza zviratidzo zvako zvakasimba.
Shanduko uye zvimwe zvakakwirira-frequency zvikamu zvinofanirwa kugara padyo nenzira yechiratidzo. Kana iwe ukashanda neyakasanganiswa-chiratidzo pcb, chengeta analogi uye dijitari zvikamu zvakaparadzana. Izvi zvinomisa ruzha kufamba pakati pavo. Shandisa ndege yepasi kuparadzanisa nzvimbo idzi. Unogona kushandisa tafura kubatsira kuronga nzvimbo yako:
chikamu | Kuisa Zano |
|---|---|
kanyanga | Mucheto webhodhi, nzvimbo yakajeka |
Transmitter | Pedyo neantenna |
mugamuchiri | Pedyo neantenna |
chinja | Pedyo negwara rechiratidzo |
Kuderedza Parasitics
Parasitics mhedzisiro isingadiwe inogona kukuvadza yako pcb dhizaini. Iwe unofanirwa kuchengeta mitsva ipfupi uye yakananga. Tsanangudzo refu dzinoita senge antenna uye dzinosimudza ruzha. Tevedzera pcb magadzirirwo nhungamiro kudzivisa unopinza makona. Shandisa mabhendi akatsetseka panzvimbo. Isa decoupling capacitors padyo nemapini emagetsi. Izvi zvinobatsira dhizaini yako block ruzha.
Kana iwe ukashanda neakasanganiswa-signal maseketi, chengeta analogi uye dijitari traces zvakaparadzana. Usavayambuka kana uchikwanisa kuzvibatsira. Kana uchifanira kuyambuka, ita nekona yakarurama. Izvi zvinoderedza mukana wekufamba pakati pezviratidzo.
Zano: Nguva dzose tarisa pcb yako marongerwo ekuwedzera mhangura kana isina kushandiswa Mapedhi. Bvisa ivo kuderedza parasitics.
Manufacturing Factors
Iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezvekugadzira kana wapedza yako pcb marongerwo. Shandisa zvakajairwa kutevedza upamhi uye kupatsanurana kunogona kuitwa nefekitari yako. Tevera pcb dhizaini nhungamiro yegomba saizi uye pedhi maumbirwo. Kana iwe ukashandisa yakavhenganiswa-chiratidzo pcb, udza mugadziri wako nezve zvakakosha zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinovabatsira kuita kuti dhizaini yako ikwane.
Tarisa kuti bhodhi rako rinogona kuitwa pasina kukanganisa. Dzivisa makwapa madiki kana matete. Izvi zvinogona kuputsika panguva yekugadzirwa. Yakanaka pcb marongerwo anokubatsira kuwana bhodhi rinoshanda kekutanga.
Rangarira: Kungwarira kuronga uye kutevera pcb dhizaini nhungamiro kuita dhizaini yako nyore kuvaka uye bvunzo.
Iwe zvino wava negwara riri nyore kune rakanaka rf pcb dhizaini. Tevedza matanho aya kuti rf yese pcb ishande zvirinani. Ronga dhizaini yako usati watanga. Sarudza zvinhu zvakakodzera zvebhodhi rako. Gadzirisa nhengo dzako nehanya. Shandisa nheyo yakasimba uye chengeta zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinobatsira bhodhi rako kushanda zvakanaka. Tarisa basa rako kuti uwane zvikanganiso nekukurumidza. Gwaro iri rinokubatsira kuita zvaunogona. Kana yako rf pcb yakaoma, bvunza nyanzvi kana kutsvaga rumwe rubatsiro.
FAQ
Ndeupi mutemo wakanyanya kukosha muRF PCB dhizaini?
unofanirawo kufanana ne impedance yezvaunoona. Izvi zvinochengeta zviratidzo zvako zvakasimba uye zvakajeka. Impedance yekuenzanisa inomisa kutarisisa uye kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo. Gara uchitarisa yako yekutevera hupamhi uye zvinhu kuti uwane iyo impedance chaiyo.
Iwe unoderedza sei ruzha muRF PCB?
Iwe unogona kushandisa yakasimba pasi ndege pasi peRF yako traces. Isa decoupling capacitors padyo nemapini emagetsi. Chengetedza masaini edhijitari neanalogi akaparadzana. Tsanangudzo pfupi dzinobatsira kudzikisa ruzha, zvakare.
Ndechipi chinyorwa chinoshanda zvakanyanya kune yakakwira-frequency RF PCBs?
PTFE (Teflon) inokupa iwe yakaderera kurasikirwa uye yakagadzikana masiginecha pane yakakwirira frequency. Rogers zvinhu zvinoshandawo nemazvo. FR-4 haina kunaka kune yakakwirira-frequency dhizaini.
zvinhu | High-Frequency Kushandisa |
|---|---|
PTFE | Excellent |
Rogers | Kugona chose |
FR-4 | murombo |
Nei uchifanira kuchengeta RF ipfupi uye yakatwasuka?
Mapfupi, akatwasanuka anochengeta masaini ako akasimba. Marefu kana akabhenda maronda anogona kuita senge antennas. Vanotora ruzha uye vanorasikirwa nemhando yechiratidzo. Gara uchironga marongero ako kune ipfupi nzira.
Iwe unoda here kudzivirira kune yega RF sekiti?
Haasi ese eRF sedunhu anoda kudzivirirwa. Iwe unofanirwa kushandisa kudzivirira kana ukaona ruzha rwakawanda kana kupindira. Metal nhovo uye kuzadza pasi kunobatsira kuchengetedza nhengo dzakasimba. Nguva dzose edza bhodhi rako kuti usarudze kana kudzivirira kunobatsira.
