Power Supply PCB Mugadziri

Simba rebhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa ndiro dunhu rakabatana nesosi yemagetsi. PCB yePower Supply inodzora huwandu hwemagetsi nemagetsi zvinoendeswa kubhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa. Simba rinoendeswa rinogona kunge riri alternating current (AC) kana direct current (DC). PCB yemagetsi inoshandura voltage yekupinda kubva kusimba remagetsi kuita voltage inobuda inodiwa nemidziyo yemagetsi. Dunhu iri rinodzora kufamba kwemagetsi kuti rive nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo wemagetsi unowana simba rakakodzera. Chinhu chakakosha chemidziyo yemagetsi chero ipi zvayo inoda sosi yemagetsi kuti ishande. PCB yemagetsi yakagadzirirwa kugovera nekudzora simba kumidziyo yemagetsi.

Mhando dzeMagetsi Ekupa MaPCB

Magetsi akadhindwa mabhodhi edunhu anoda simba kuti ashande. Kazhinji izvi zvinowanikwa neiyo onboard power supply feature. Simba rekupa PCBs dzine mhando mbiri huru maererano nekushanda kwavo.

Linear Power Supplies PCB

Iyi mhando yemagetsi ekupa PCB inoshandura alternating current (AC) kuita yakananga ikozvino (DC) uchishandisa transformer. Uyezve, mutsara wemagetsi ekupa PCBs anoshanda zvakanyanya uye akavimbika. Aya maPCB emagetsi emagetsi akakura uye akakura. Saka, ivo vanosarudzwa kune zvemagetsi zvikumbiro zvisiri huremu- uye saizi-inonzwa. Linear magetsi ekupa PCB inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri masisitimu.

Magetsi akadaro anodhura uye ari nyore kugadzira pabhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa. Zvinoshandiswa muzvirongwa apo simba rakaderera rinodiwa.

Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) PCB

Mhando yechipiri yemagetsi ekupa PCB ndeye switch mode magetsi emagetsi anoshandura AC kuita DC nekushandisa transistors. Kusiyana nemutsara wemagetsi ekupa PCBs, switched mode magetsi ekupa maPCB madiki uye akareruka. Naizvozvo, ivo vanonyanya kufarirwa kushandiswa mumashandisirwo akadai semakomputa uye nharembozha uko huremu uye saizi zvine basa. Iwo anoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura linear magetsi ekupa PCBs. Asi dhizaini yavo yakanyanya kuomarara uye ruzha rwavo rwekuchinja runogona kugadzira nyaya dzemagetsi (EMI), kana kutarisisa kwacho kusina hanya.

MaSMPS akaiswa mune ega uye asiri ega ega magetsi ekupa PCB.

Zvikamu zvakakosha & Kufunga Kwekugadzira kweSimba Rekupa PCB

Heano mamwe marongero ehurongwa hwemabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa anogona kukubatsira kugadzira PCB yemagetsi. Pakugadzira bhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa remagetsi (PCB), pane zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro akanaka uye kuvimbika. Heano mamwe ematanho akakosha ekugadzira maPCB emagetsi:

Layer Stackup
Trace Routing
Grounding Components uye Power Plane
Component Placement
Trace Spacing uye Upamhi

Paunenge uchigadzira PCB yekupa magetsi, iyo layer stackup chikamu chakakosha kufunga. Mune akawanda-layer circuit board configuration, panofanira kunge kune simba ndege kana pasi pakati penzira uye yekunze dhizaini ine magetsi ekupa zvikamu uye yemukati layer ine masaini anonzwisisika. Ndege yemagetsi ichashanda senhoo kuchengetedza masaini anocherekedza kubva kune zvine ruzha zvikamu zvemagetsi.

Trace routing chinhu chakakosha chemagetsi ekupa PCB dhizaini, sezvo ichikanganisa zvakananga kuita, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuchengetedzeka kweakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi magetsi. Nzira dzemagetsi, nzira dzazvino, chiratidzo chechiratidzo, uye kuburikidza nekuiswa zvinhu zvakakosha mukuteedzera nzira yemagetsi ekupa PCB dhizaini.

Kugadzira PCB yemagetsi kunoda kugadzira nzvimbo yakasiyana yezvikamu zvePCB yemagetsi. Izvi hazvingopi chete nzvimbo yakakwana yemagetsi, asi zvinoparadzanisawo ruzha rwenzira dziripo. Kazhinji, ndege mbiri dzepasi dzakabatana panzvimbo imwe chete, iyo inowanzova pasi kuburikidza nepasi mu thermal pad. Ndege dzemagetsi nepasi zvikamu zvakakosha zvePCB yemagetsi. Ndege dzepasi dzinopa nzira yekudzoka isina impedance yakawanda kuyerera kwemagetsi, nepo ndege dzemagetsi dzichipa sosi yemagetsi isina impedance yakawanda.

Kuiswa kwechikamu paPCB yemagetsi kwakakosha kuchengetedza kushanda kwakaringana uye kuderedza ruzha rwechiratidzo. Simba rekupa uye zvimwe zvikamu muakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi magetsi ekupa dhizaini anofanirwa kuiswa padhuze kuti aderedze parasitic capacitance uye kuderedza trace kureba uye inductance.

Kuteedzera nzvimbo uye hupamhi pane magetsi ekupa PCB zvakare akakosha zvinhu uye dhizaini kufunga. Trace wides inofanirwa kukwana kubata chaiyo ikozvino pasina kukonzera kupisa kwakanyanya kana kudonha kwemagetsi. Trace spacing inofanirawo kukwana kudzivirira arcing kana mapfupi maseketi, kunyanya mu-high-voltage mashandisirwo emabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa.

Kuedza & Kugadzirisa Masimba Ekupa MaPCB

Kuedza uye Kugadzirisa Masimba ekupa PCB kwakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka, kushanda nesimba, uye matanho ekuchengetedza anochengetedzwa muPCB dhizaini nekugadzira maitiro. Zvinotevera zvimwe zvakakosha zvekuyedza uye kugadzirisa magetsi ekupa PCBs.

Power On Testing

Kazhinji shandisa shanduko yemagetsi kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kudonha kwemagetsi.
Tarisa kune yakawandisa ikozvino kuyerera, izvo zvinogona kukonzera pfupi dunhu muakadhindwa redunhu board.
Shandisa infrared thermometer kuona zvinhu zvinopisa mumagetsi ePCB.

Functional Testing

Uyu muyedzo wakanyanya unoitwa pamagetsi ekupa PCB dhizaini. Inosanganisira matanho anotevera.

Ita shuwa kuti yakadhindwa yedunhu bhodhi magetsi anoburitsa iyo chaiyo voltage.
Inoda chinodzivirira mutoro uye multimeter
Batanidza iyo multimeter kune yakabuda divi.
Tarisa kana iyo yakabuda voltage iri mukati meiyo inogamuchirwa renji, ipapo magetsi emagetsi PCB ari kushanda nemazvo.

Signal Kutendeseka Kuedzwa kweSimba Supply PCB

Chinangwa chebvunzo iyi ndechekutarisa kuti magetsi anoburitsa simba rakagadzikana uye rakachena.

Zvinosanganisira kuyera mazinga eruzha uye ripples pamaterminal anobuda.
Inoda chinodzivirira mutoro uye oscilloscope.
Batanidza oscilloscope pazviteshi zvekubuda uye gadzirisa chinodzivirira chinotakura kuti chienderane nemutoro unotarisirwa.
Kana ruzha uye ripple zviri mukati memiganhu inogamuchirwa, magetsi anogadzika.

Debugging Techniques

Debugging a power supply PCB ibasa rakaoma rinosanganisira kuona nekugadzirisa zvikanganiso uye zvikanganiso kudzoreredza kushanda kwakaringana kweakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi magetsi. Izvi zvinosanganisira matanho anotevera.

Kushandisa dhiyabhorosi dhizaini kunobatsira kuwana kuyerera kwesimba kuburikidza nedunhu.
Debugging inobatsira mukuona zvinhu zvisina kunaka zvakaita seICs, resistors, uye capacitor.
Inoongorora mazinga evoltage panzvimbo dzakasiyana dzebvunzo.
Inogadzira nzira yemagetsi kubva pakupinza kuenda kune inobuda terminal.
Debugging matekiniki anoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana akavhurika maseketi, mapfupi maseketi, uye zvisiri izvo zvinongedzo.
Yakakosha pakugadzirisa zvakanaka uye kwakarongeka kugadzirisa dambudziko

Power Supply PCB Dziviriro Techniques

Power Supply Circuit Protection

Simba rekupa PCB ine voltage regulator inodzivirira masurges uye spikes mubhodhi redunhu. Inosanganisira matanho makuru anotevera: Kudzivirirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi kunovimbisa kuti magetsi anopa kubuda kwakagadzikana uye kwakachengeteka. Mafirita anobvisa AC ruzha kubva kuDC simba sosi uye chengetedza dunhu. Inodzivirira magetsi ekupa PCB zvikamu kubva mukusashanda uye kukuvadzwa Inosimudzira kunyatsoshanda uye kuvimbika kwemagetsi ekupa PCB.

Kupisa Kuchengetedza

Panguva yekushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, zvinogadzira kupisa, izvo zvinowanzoitika. Asi kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukuvadza simba rekupa PCB chikamu uye kukanganisa kushanda kweakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi anoshandiswa mumidziyo yakasiyana. Mamwe emhando huru dzekudzivirira kupisa ndeaya anotevera. Magetsi anogona kupisa nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemhepo, mitoro yakakwira, kana zvikanganiso zvePCB. Thermal cut-off chirongwa chekudzivirira chinotarisisa kupisa uye kubvisa dunhu kuti risakuvadzwa. Kugadzirisa nguva dzose kunoita kuti dunhu rinotonhora rishande.

Electromagnetic Kupindira Dziviriro

Simba rekupa PCB inofanirwa kuve nesefa yekubvisa kukanganiswa kwemagetsi. EMI inogona kukuvadza yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi kana dunhu rese remagetsi ekupa PCB.

Static Electricity Dziviriro

Iyo simba rekupa PCB inofanira kuva nekubatana kwepasi. Ground yekubatanidza inogadzira nzira yekuchaja static kuyerera kure nedunhu bhodhi. Static charges inogona kuiswa paPCB pamusoro iyo inogona kukuvadza simba rekupa PCB redunhu.

Overvoltage uye Overcurrent Dziviriro

Fuse inodzivirira magetsi ePCB kubva kune overvoltage uye overcurrent. Fuse vhura dunhu kana ikozvino kana voltage iri kupfuura iyo inogamuchirwa. Dunhu pfupi rinogona kukuvadza bhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa uye dunhu rayo rekupa simba. Iyo yedunhu breaker inodzivirira zvakare yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi remagetsi rekupa wedunhu kubva kune chero kusashanda uye kukanganisa.

Taura nesu

Iyo magetsi ekupa PCB chikamu chakakosha chechero yemagetsi system. Mukuwedzera, iyo magetsi ekupa PCB idunhu rakabatana kune simba remagetsi. Iyo inocherekedza uye inodzora yazvino uye voltage huwandu hunounzwa kune yakadhindwa redunhu board. Simba rekupa PCB rinounzwa simba rinogona kunge riri AC kana DC. Isu tinoziva zvakare kuti zvese zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoshanda nerubatsiro rwekutyaira simba. Uyezve, nePCB yakavimbika yemagetsi, inogona kuvimbiswa kuti dunhu nemidziyo zvichashanda nemazvo. Nekudaro, akawanda emagetsi emagetsi anowirirana neakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuti usarudze iyo magetsi ekupa yuniti kana magetsi ekupa PCB inonyatso kuenderana neyako yemagetsi mudziyo uye purojekiti. At Wonderful PCB, isu takasarudzika mune yakavimbika magetsi ekupa PCB, PCB kugadzira, uye masevhisi egungano kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanyanya kwechigadzirwa chako chemagetsi. Isu tinopa emhando yepamusoro PCB magetsi ekupa mhinduro anodiwa kune ako zvirevo uye zvaunoda. Neyedu nyanzvi PCB mugadziri timu, tinoendesa akavimbika, indasitiri-inoenderana, uye inoshanda maPCB. Quote yenyu yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi kugadzira uye gungano mabasa nhasi pa Wonderful PCB.