Vias chinhu chisingadzivisiki chePCB dhizaini. Munguva yekuronga maitiro, kudzivirira mitsetse yese yekuyambuka kunowanzo kunetsa. Kugadzirisa izvi, vias anoshandiswa kuwana interlayer yekubatanidza, zvichitungamira kukudziridzwa kwemaviri-side uye multilayer PCBs. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vias zvave chinhu chakakosha chePCB dhizaini.
Kubva pamaonero ekugadzira, vias inoshandisa zvinangwa zviviri zvikuru: kubatana kwemagetsi uye mechanical support or positioning. Aya mabasa anozadzisa zvinodiwa nemagetsi kana zvinodiwa zvemuviri. Naizvozvo, vias kazhinji anokamurwa mberi kupinda magetsi vias uye maburi ekutsigira michina, neyokupedzisira yakakamurwa kuita solder pad maburi (kazhinji plated) uye inokwira maburi (kazhinji isina-plated).
A via kunyanya ine zvikamu zviviri:
- Boora gomba: Gomba repakati.
Pad nzvimbo: Nzvimbo yakakomberedza gomba rekuchera.
- Saizi yezvikamu zviviri izvi inosarudza iyo yese kuburikidza nehukuru.
Mune yakakwirira-kumhanya, yepamusoro-density PCB magadzirirwo, vagadziri vanowanzo tarisa diki diki vias kuti riwedzere nzvimbo yekufambisa uye kuderedza parasitic capacitance, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune yakakwirira-kumhanya maseketi. Nekudaro, kudzikisira kuburikidza nehukuru kunowedzera mitengo yekugadzira uye inotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi:
- Makomba madiki anoda nguva refu yekuboora uye anowanzo kanganisa pakati.
- Kana gomba rakadzika richipfuura katanhatu dhayamita yekuboorera, yunifomu yemhangura yekuisa pamadziro egomba inova yakaoma.
Kuenzanisa dhizaini uye kugadzirwa kunosanganisira zvakawanda kufunga. Nepo mamwe madhizaini achigona kutumirwa zvakananga kukugadzirwa, mamwe anoda mamwe macheki einjiniya kugadzirisa zvingangoitika, kudzivirira kunonoka, matambudziko egoho, uye kuvimbika kunetseka.
Tichifunga nezvekukanganisa kwakakosha kwesarudzo dzekugadzira pamitengo yese uye zvirongwa, matambudziko aya anogona kudzivirirwa. Seyakanyanya kuvimbika multilayer PCB mugadziri, Wonderful PCB inotarisa paPCB R&D nekugadzira, kuendesa nekukurumidza-kuchinja, yakakwirira-yakavimbika PCB. Basa redu, "Mitengo Yakaderera uye Kuvandudza Kubudirira kweIndasitiri yeMagetsi," inosimbisa kukosha kwekutanga-danho rekugadzira kufunga. Pazasi pane mhinduro dzehunyanzvi dzekugadzirisa gomba uye slot madhizaini zvichibva pane chaiyo-yepasirese makesi kutsigira inoshanda uye inodhura kugadzira.
Hole Design Cases
Nyaya yekutanga: Kumisikidza PTH/NPTH Dhizaini
Issues:
- Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo wekuruboshwe, mapedhi akagadzirwa nemagetsi ekubatanidza asi anoshandiswa semaburi asina kuputirwa.
- Sezvinoratidzwa mudhayagiramu yekurudyi, mapadhi akagadzirwa asina kubatanidza magetsi asi anoitwa semaburi akapfachuka.
Nyanzvi Recommendations:
- ZveMakomba Asina Plated: Ita shuwa kuti hapana magetsi ekubatanidza kune anoenderana mapedhi. Iyo padhi uye saizi yegomba inofanirwa kuenderana, kana kuti hapana padhi inofanirwa kugadzirwa.
- For Plated Holes: Iva nechokwadi chekubatanidza magetsi kune mapedhi anoenderana, ane saizi yepadhi ingangoita 5 ms yakakura kupfuura gomba dhayamita.
Dzivisa kugadzira maburi asina mapedhi, sezvo izvi zvinoda maitiro akanaka ekuputira, ayo anowedzera nguva dzekutungamira neinenge zuva.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
(Gomba rekuruboshwe risiri resimbi, buri resimbi rekurudyi)
- Ipa tafura yegomba inosiyanisa zvakajeka yakapfava kubva kune isina-yakaputirwa maburi kuderedza EQ kutaurirana uye zvingangoita dhizaini kusanzwisisa.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Nyaya yechipiri: Kusiyanisa Metal uye Non-Metal Slots
Issues:
- Dhizaini inosanganisira mitsetse minomwe, ine matatu akagadzirirwa seasiri-simbi uye mana sesimbi slots. Nekudaro, ese slots akaiswa mune imwechete GDD layer, iyo inosarudzika kune isiri-simbi slots. Kudzivirira mhangura yakafumurwa panguva yekugaya, mapedhi ekuputira anobviswa kune asiri-metal slots.
Nyanzvi Recommendations:
- Kupatsanura asiri-simbi slots kupinda GDD or GM1 layer uye simbi slots mukati drl layer kana yakatsaurirwa Slot rukoko.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Nyaya yechitatu: Yakajeka uye Inopindirana Gomba Annotations
Issues:
- Zviratidzo zvegomba zvakanyanyisa zvinoita kuti zviome kufananidza makomba nezviratidzo zvawo, zvichikonzera matambudziko pakuona zvisizvo kana hukuru hwegomba.
- Slots yakavanzwa mukona zvirevo kana kusavapo patafura yegomba, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekusiiwa.
Nyanzvi Recommendations:
- Shandisa zviratidzo zvegomba zvakakura zvakafanira kuenzanirana nemaburi ekuboorera.
- Sanganisira gomba tafura yekumaka slot zvinzvimbo uye paramita, kana batanidza slots zvakananga mu drl rukoko.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Case 4: Dzivisa Kusawirirana Pakati Pemakomba uye Slots
Issues:
- Nzvimbo imwechete inoshandiswa kune zvose gomba uye slot pasina mirayiridzo yakajeka.
Nyanzvi Recommendations:
- Usagadzira zvese gomba uye slot panzvimbo imwechete.
- Ipa gomba tafura yekumaka slot zvinzvimbo uye paramita, uye isa slots zvakananga mu drl rukoko.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Nyaya yechishanu: Dzivirira Yakakiyiwa Slots muPCB Mafaira
(pic-PCB Manufacturability Holes and Slots-9)
Issues:
- Slots inogona "kukiyiwa" panguva yePCB-ku-Gerber faira rekushandura, zvichikonzera kushaikwa slot madhizaini.
Nyanzvi Recommendations:
- Zvemadhizaini uchishandisa Altium Mugadziri 16 kana kumberi, kiinura dhizaini isati yashandurwa faira kuti uone kuti slot data inosanganisirwa.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Nyaya yechitanhatu: Solder Mask Via Kuzadza Kushivirira Haifanire Kupfuura 6mm
nyaya:
- Misiyano mikuru mune solder mask inozadza kushivirira inokonzeresa isina kuzadzwa hombe vias kana yakawandisa solder mask kufashukira mudiki vias.
Kurudziro yenyanzvi:
- Paunenge uchigadzira vias ine solder mask yekuzadza, shuwa kuti kushivirira hakupfuure 0.2mm.
Magadzirirwo Akarurama:
Via(max) – Via(min) ≤ 0.2mm
mhedziso
Mhosva nhanhatu idzi dzinoratidza kukosha kwekushandisa zvakanakisa maitiro uye kutevedzera nhanho dzakajairwa panguva yekugadzira chikamu kuchengetedza nguva, kudzivirira nyaya, uye kuona goho repamusoro uye nekukurumidza kugadzira.
Sepuratifomu yebasa redhijitari yakazvipira kuvandudza zvechinyakare indasitiri yemagetsi indasitiri inofambiswa, Wonderful PCB yakagadzirisa nyaya dzepasirese idzi panguva yekudyidzana kwevatengi. Nekuunza zvigadzirwa zvinovimbika zvakanyanya, zviitiko zvekutumira zviri pachena, uye masevhisi akavimbika, tinosimudzira vimbiso yedu kune vatengi vepasirese, tichizadzisa chinangwa chedu: "Mitengo Yakaderera uye Kuvandudza Kubudirira kweIndasitiri Yemagetsi."
