Low Dropout regulators akakosha mukusimudzira mashandiro edunhu. Vanopa voltage yakagadzikana, kuderedza kutambisa simba, uye kuona kuti magetsi anoshanda nemazvo. Nenguva yakaderera zvikuru yekuzorora, vanochengetedza simba apo vachichengetedza kukurumidza kukuru. Maregulator akadai seLM1117 anoshandisa simba shoma kana asina basa, achiita kuti ive yakanakira zvishandiso senge zvinopfekwa. Ivo vanowedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri uye kuderedza ruzha, izvo zvakakosha kune zvemazuva ano-yakaderera-simba gadget.
Low Dropout regulators anobatsira maseketi ako kuti arambe achishanda, akagadzikana, uye akanyarara.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Low-dropout regulators (LDOs) inopa yakatsiga voltage uye chengetedza simba. Izvo zvakanaka kune zvishandiso zvinoshandisa mabhatiri.
Sarudza maLDO ane yakaderera dropout voltage kuderedza kupisa uye kushanda zvirinani mumasekete.
Shandisa maLDO ane low low idle current kuita kuti mabhatiri agare kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinobatsira kune zvinopfekeka uye smart gadget.
Tevedzera mitemo yakanaka yekuronga PCB kuti uderedze ruzha nekupisa. Izvi zvinobatsira maLDO kushanda zvirinani.
Edza maLDO ako kazhinji mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo kuti arambe akavimbika uye achishanda nemazvo.
Basics of Low-Dropout Regulators
Chii chinonzi Low-Dropout Regulator?
Chinodzora magetsi chinodzikira (LDO) chinochengetedza magetsi kuti asanyanya kudonha kunyangwe kana magetsi akawandisa. Chinoshanda zvakanaka kana magetsi emagetsi akakwira zvishoma pane anobuda. Kusiyana nemagetsi ekare, magetsi eLDO anoda magetsi ari pasi pe400 mV kuti ashande. Mamwe magetsi matsva anongoda 100 mV, zvichiita kuti ave akanaka pakuchengetedza magetsi.
Semuenzaniso, LDO inogona kuchengetedza 2.8 V yakasimba seti lithium-ion bhatiri inodonha kubva ku4.2 V kusvika ku3.0 V. Izvi zvinobatsira mabhatiri kugara kwenguva refu uye kushanda zviri nani mumidziyo yakaita sezvipfeko uye maIoT gadgets.
Core Zvikamu: Pass Element, Error Amplifier, uye Feedback Network
MaLDO anoshandisa zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru kudzora voltage:
Chinhu Chekupfuura : Chikamu ichi chinogadzirisa kuyerera kwemagetsi kuti kuburitswa kwemagetsi kurambe kwakadzikama.
Chinosimudzira Chikanganiso : Chinotarisa voltage inobuda uye chinotumira masaini ekugadzirisa.
Network yemhinduro : Izvi zvinoshandisa voltage divider kubatsira amplifier kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakagadzikana.
Zvikamu izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvikurumidze kubata shanduko mumutoro kana kuisa voltage. Kugadzikana kunoenderana nekuti zvakanaka sei zvikamu zvemukati nekunze zvakaenzana panguva yekugadzira.
Sei uchisarudza maLDO pamusoro pemamwe maRegulators?
MaLDO ane akawanda mabhenefiti achienzaniswa nemamwe maregulator:
Kushanda zvakanaka : Vanotambisa simba shoma nekushandisa gap diki remagetsi ekupinda nekubuda.
Ruzha Rushoma : Dzakanyarara zvikuru, dzakanakira zvishandiso zvinonzwa senge maredhiyo.
Zviri Nyore : MaLDO anoda zvimwe zvikamu zvishoma, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa.
Hupenyu hweBhatiri : Dzinobatsira kuti mabhatiri agare kwenguva refu, kunyanya mumidziyo inotakurika.
MaLDO anovharawo ruzha zvakanaka, izvo zvinobatsira munzvimbo dzine ruzha. Aya maitiro anovaita sarudzo yepamusoro yemagetsi emazuva ano.
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Yakaderera-Dropout Regulator Kubudirira
Input uye Output Voltage Difference
Mukana uri pakati pekupinza uye kubuda voltage unokanganisa kupisa kwekupisa. Kana magetsi ekuisa akakwira zvakanyanya, simba rekuwedzera rinoshanduka kuita kupisa. Izvi zvinoderedza kushanda zvakanaka uye zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ekupisa. Kuti uchengetedze simba, chengetedza gap rekubuda-kubuda kwemagetsi ridiki. Izvi zvakakosha kune zvishandiso zvinomhanya pamabhatiri.
Nhasi, makambani anotarisa pane yakaderera-simba uye ekupedzisira-yakaderera-dropout madhizaini. Ivo vanoshandisa tekinoroji nyowani kudzikisa kudonhedza voltage uye kugadzirisa mashandiro. Pazasi pane tafura inoratidza zvichangobva kuitika:
Maitiro Akakosha | Details |
|---|---|
Tarisa pane Yakaderera-Simba Dhizaini | MaLDO ari kufamba akananga kune yakaderera-simba uye ekupedzisira-akaderera-dropout madhizaini. |
Kudiwa Kwesimba Nesimba | Maindasitiri anoda maturusi ekuchengetedza simba, achigadzira kuvandudzwa kweLDO. |
Advanced Technology | Nzira itsva dzinobatsira kuderedza kudonha kwemagetsi uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka. |
Kusarudza LDO ine yakaderera dropout voltage kunobatsira kuderedza kupisa kurasikirwa uye kunatsiridza mashandiro edunhu.
Quiscent Current uye Kubudirira
Quescent current isimba rinoshandiswa kana pasina mutoro wakabatana. Yakakwira yakadzikama ikozvino inogona kudhonza mabhatiri nekukurumidza, kunyanya mumagajeti ane simba rakaderera. Low-ruzha LDOs anoshandisa shoma shoma yakanyarara ikozvino, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune zvinopfekwa nemidziyo yeIoT.
Gara uchitarisa iyo quiescent yazvino chiyero paunenge uchitora LDO. Mamwe ma-ultra-low-noise regulator anoshandisa mashoma mamicroamps. Izvi zvinobatsira mabhatiri kugara kwenguva yakareba, achiita kuti ave akakwana pamagetsi anotakurika. Kusarudza maLDO ane yakaderera quiescent ikozvino inovandudza mashandiro pasina kurasikirwa nekuita.
Kutarisira Kupisa kweZviri Nani Kuvimbika
Kugadzirisa kupisa kwakakosha kuchengetedza maLDO achishanda nemazvo. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa zvikamu uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwazvo. Iwe unogona kushandisa nzira senge dynamic voltage kuyera kugadzirisa kuburitsa zvichienderana nekushisa. Izvi zvinoderedza kupisa uye zvinomisa kupisa.
Special packaging zvinhu zvine zviri nani kutonga kupisa zvinobatsirawo. Zvinhu izvi zvinoparadzira kupisa nekukurumidza, kuchengetedza mutongi akadzikama pasi pekushandisa zvakanyanya. Pazasi pane tafura yeakapupurirwa nzira dzekutonga kupisa:
nzira | Details | Mhedzisiro paKuvimbika |
|---|---|---|
Dynamic Voltage Kuyera | Shanduko dzinobuda zvichienderana netembiricha kuderedza kupisa. | Inocheka kurasikirwa kwekupisa ne30% panguva yekushandiswa kwakanyanya. |
Special Packaging Materials | Inoshandisa zvinhu zvinoparadzira kupisa zviri nani. | Inovandudza kutonga kwekupisa ne50%. |
Kutevedza Mitemo Yemotokari | Inowedzera kupisa kudzima uye maficha ekudzivirira ekudzivirira. | Inoshanda zvakanaka pa 125°C ambient tembiricha. |
Kushandisa nzira idzi kunoita kuti maLDO ave akavimbika uye anochengeta masekete achimhanya zvakanaka.
Kugadziridza Low-Dropout Regulators kune Chaiyo Maapplication
Digital Circuits: Kugadzirisa Ruzha uye Kushandisa Simba
Low-dropout regulators anobatsira madhijitari maseketi nekucheka ruzha uye kuchengetedza simba. Shandisa yakaderera-ruzha LDOs kuvhara yakakwirira-frequency ruzha uye kuchengetedza zvikamu zvakatsiga. Semuenzaniso, 5-mA yazvino-modhi LDO inogona kuderedza ruzha ne49 dB kusvika gumi MHz ine 10 nF chete pane inobuda. Iyi i68 dB iri nani pane voltage-modhi mhando, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune CMOS Clock uye Data Recovery maseketi.
Kuwedzera maLDO kunoita kuti masisitimu edhijitari atore mamwe magetsi ekupa ruzha pasina nyaya. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza masisitimu ane maLDO anotonga 200mV/10MHz ruzha, nepo asina mubato chete 20mV/10MHz. Izvi zvinoita kuti vavimbike munzvimbo dzine simba rinochinja.
Sarudza ultralow-noise LDOs ine yakaderera kuzorora ikozvino uye yakavakirwa-mukati kuchengetedza maficha. Izvi zvinovandudza kushanda uye kuvimbika, zvakakwana kune zvinodiwa zvemazuva ano magetsi.
Analog Circuits: Kuchengeta Zviratidzo Zvakajeka
Maseketi eAnalog anoda voltage yakatsiga kuchengetedza masaini akachena. Low-dropout regulators akanaka pakupa yakagadzikana voltage uye kuderedza ripple. Semuenzaniso, iyo ISL70005SEH LDO inoshanda ne95% ine simba rekudonha re75mV. Inobata kupisa zvakanaka uye inotsigira ± 1A mitoro, yakanakira kushandiswa kweanalogi senge setiraiti masisitimu.
Paunenge uchigadzira analog maseketi, sarudza maLDO ane yakanaka DC uye AC kuita. Tarisa kune yakaderera dropout voltage, yakaderera kuzorora ikozvino, uye chaiyo inobuda voltage. Zvakare, tarisa ma AC maficha senge ripple kudzvanya uye kuramba magetsi ekupa masaini akajeka.
Iyo LDO chaiyo inochengeta analog maseketi achishanda nemazvo, kunyangwe mumamiriro akaoma.
RF Zvishandiso: Kucheka Noise uye Ripple
RF maseketi anoda yakaderera-dropout regulators kuderedza ruzha uye ripple kune yakajeka masaini. Low-ruzha LDOs anoshanda zvakanaka pano. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vane ruzha rwe 0.8µVRMS uye kuramba kwekupa kwe120dB pa100Hz.
Parameter | ukoshi |
|---|---|
Noise Level | 0.8µVRMS |
Input Referred Noise Floor | 0.5µVRMS |
Kuramba Kwekupa pa100Hz | 120dB |
Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti nei maLDO ari akakosha kune maRF magadzirirwo. Ivo vanocheka ruzha uye ripple, vachivandudza chiratidzo chemhando uye mashandiro ehurongwa.
Kune RF maseketi, tora maLDO ane yakakura yekuisa maseru uye akavakirwa-mukati ekuchengetedza maficha. Izvi zvinoita kuti masisitimu ave akavimbika uye anoshanda, akakwana kune yepamusoro-inoshanda RF zvinodiwa.
Madiro Akakosha eKutora Yakaderera-Dropout Regulator
Dropout Voltage uye Rodha Regulation
Dropout voltage yakakosha pakusarudza LDO. Inoratidza diki gap rinodiwa pakati pekuisa uye kubuda voltage kuti ishande. A low dropout voltage inochengetedza simba uye inoita kushoma kupisa. Izvi zvakanakira magajeti anoshandisa mabhatiri. Semuyenzaniso, mamwe maLDO ane 100 mV yekudonhedza voltage akakwana pamidziyo inotakurika.
Kudzora mutoro kunokosha zvakare. Inotarisa kana regulator ichichengeta yakabuda voltage yakatsiga kana mutoro uchichinja. Kugadzikana kunoenderana nezvikamu senge kukanganisa amplifier uye capacitors. Kuwedzera kugona kunogona kuita kuti zvinhu zviome kudzora.
Specification | Nei Zvichikosha |
|---|---|
Load Transient Regulation | Inochengeta voltage yakatsiga panguva yekuchinja kwekukurumidza. |
Dropout Voltage | Inochengetedza simba uye inoderedza kupisa. |
Kuramba Kwekupihwa Kwesimba Ratio (PSRR) | Inovhara ruzha kubva kukuchinja kwemagetsi ekuisa. |
Kutora LDO ine yakaderera kudonhedza voltage uye yakanaka mitoro mutemo inovimbisa yakasimba uye inoshanda simba redhizaini yako.
Line Regulation uye Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR)
Line regulation inoratidza kuti dhizaini rinochengeta zvakadzika sei kubuda kwemagetsi kana magetsi ekuisa achinja. Izvi zvakakosha kune masisitimu akaita semota kana mafekitori uko magetsi ekuisa anogona kusiyana. Mitemo yakaita seIEC61000-3-2 uye MIL-STD-1399 inobatsira kuve nechokwadi kuti masisitimu anoshanda nemazvo nemagetsi masosi.
PSRR inoyera kuti mutongi anovharisa sei ruzha kubva pakupihwa kwekuisa. Yakakwira PSRR yakakosha kune maLDO akanyarara anoshandiswa mumidziyo inonzwisisika seredhiyo kana analog maseketi. Semuenzaniso, mamwe maLDO ane PSRR pamusoro pe120 dB pa100 Hz akanaka pakumisa ruzha.
Zano: Munzvimbo dzine ruzha, sarudza maLDO ane PSRR yakawanda uye mutsetse wakasimba wezviratidzo zviri nani uye masisitimu akavimbika.
Output Current Capacity uye Package Sarudzo
Output current capacity ndiyo yakanyanya kuitika iyo regulator inogona kupa kumutoro. Mimwe midziyo inoda isingasviki 100 mA, asi zvimwe zvinoda kupfuura 1 A. Kusarudza simba rakakodzera kunodzivirira kuwandisa uye kuchengetedza zvinhu kushanda zvakanaka.
Saizi yepasuru zvakare ine basa. Mapakeji madiki anokodzera nzvimbo dzakasimba, nepo makuru achibata kupisa kwakawanda nesimba. Semuyenzaniso, mota kana fekitori regulators kazhinji vane yakasimba kurongedza kwekupisa kwakanyanya uye simba rinodiwa.
Zvinhu zvakaita semhinduro yemutoro, PSRR, uye kudonhedza voltage rubatsiro kusarudza kuti ndeipi LDO inokodzera zvaunoda zvazvino uye zvekurongedza. Nekutarisa izvi, unogona kutora regulator inoshanda nemazvo uye inochengetedza simba.
Maitiro Akanyanya Ekushandisa Yakaderera-Dropout Regulators
Kutora maCapacitors ekugadzikana
Kusarudza ma capacitor akakodzera kunoita kuti mutongi wako arambe akatsiga uye anodzivirira matambudziko. Input uye inobuda capacitors inobatsira kuvhara ruzha uye kuchengetedza voltage yakagadzikana. Kuita kuti regulator yako ishande zvirinani:
Chengetedza inokwana 1 V yekuwedzera pakati pekuisa uye kubuda voltage.
Sarudza LDO ine chiyero chemutoro 1.5 × yakakwirira kupfuura inodiwa.
Wedzera mafirita kune inopinza kana kubuda kuderedza ruzha.
Shandisa maviri kana anopfuura maLDO pamwe chete kana paine yakakwana voltage gap.
Aya matipi anovandudza kugona uye kumisa nyaya senge voltage shanduko kana kusagadzikana. Yakaderera-ruzha LDOs inoshanda zvakanyanya neakanaka capacitor, kunyanya mumasekete akadzikama seanalog kana RF masisitimu.
PCB Kuronga Mazano ekudzikisa Ruzha uye Kupisa
Iyo yakanaka PCB dhizaini inobatsira kuderedza ruzha uye kupisa, zvichiita kuti regulator yako ishande zvirinani. Tevera matanho aya kuti uvandudze dhizaini yako:
Chengetedza mitsara pfupi kuderedza kushorwa uye kupisa.
Kupatsanura masaini ekukurumidza kubva kune anononoka kudzivirira kukanganisa.
Shandisa ivhu rakaringana kudzikisa ruzha rwemagetsi (EMI).
Wedzera LC kana pi mafirita kudzivirira yakakwirira-frequency ruzha.
Sarudza linear regulator yekushanda kwakanyarara asi ronga kudzora kupisa.
Shanduko idzi dzinoita ultralow ruzha regulators kuita zvirinani uye kunatsiridza kushandiswa kwesimba. Kurongeka kwakanaka uye kusarudzwa kwezvikamu ndizvo zvakakosha zvemaseketi akavimbika.
Kuedza uye Kutarisa kune Zvakanakisa Mibairo
Kuedza kunoita kuti LDO yako ishande zvakanaka mumamiriro akasiyana. Rodha yenguva pfupi yemutemo inotarisa kana regulator ichichengeta voltage yakatsiga panguva yekuchinja kwekukurumidza.
Shandisa zvinokasira zvazvino kupuruzira kuti uedze mamiriro chaiwo enyika. Izvi zvinobatsira kuwana matambudziko senge madonhwe emagetsi kana spikes. Tarisa dropout voltage uye mutoro wekupindura kuti uone kana regulator inokodzera dhizaini yako.
Kugara uchiyedzwa kunonatsiridza kuvimbika uye inova nechokwadi chekuti regulator yako inobata zvazvino zvinodikanwa zvemagetsi.
Low-dropout regulators zvakakosha pakuita kuti matunhu ashande zvakanaka. Ivo vanochengeta voltage yakatsiga, kuchengetedza simba, uye kunatsiridza mashandiro emudziyo. Kuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva kwavari, sarudza LDO inoenderana nezvido zvako. Tarisa pazvinhu zvakaita seyakaderera kudonha voltage, yakaderera kuzorora ikozvino, uye yakanaka kutonga kupisa.
Kuti uashandise nemazvo, sarudza iwo akakodzera capacitor uye dhizaini dzakachena PCB marongero. Edza dunhu rako mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ehupenyu kuti uone kuti inoshanda nekuvimbika. Nekutevera matanho aya, unogona kuvaka masisitimu akasimba uye ekuchengetedza simba.
FAQ
1. Sei maLDO akanaka kune bhatiri-powered gadget?
MaLDO anobatsira mabhatiri kugara kwenguva refu nekuchengetedza simba. Vanoshanda zvakanaka nekusiyana kwemagetsi maduku, izvo zvinoderedza kupisa. Izvi zvinovaita vakakwana kumidziyo inotakurika senge smartwatches uye maIoT maturusi.
2. Unotora sei LDO yemasekete akanyarara?
Sarudza LDO ine ruzha rwakaderera uye yakakwira PSRR. Tarisa ruzha pasi pe1 µVRMS uye PSRR pamusoro pe100 dB. Aya maficha anochengeta masaini akachena mumidziyo inonzwisisika seredhiyo.
3. MaLDO anogona kubata mitoro mikuru yazvino?
Ehe, mamwe maLDO anogona kupa pamusoro pe1 A yezvino. Tarisa dhetabheti kuti ienderane neazvino chinodiwa nemudziyo wako. Kuti ushandise-simba guru, tora maLDO ane makesi akasimba ekugadzirisa kupisa.
4. MaLDO anoda mamwe macapacitor here?
Ehe, ma capacitor anobatsira kuchengetedza voltage uye kuvharira ruzha. Shandisa iyo capacitor kukosha inokurudzirwa mune dhetabheti. Kuti uwane mibairo iri nani, wedzera mafirita emasekete anonzwira tsitsi.
5. Unomisa sei maLDO kubva pakupisa?
Shandisa voltage scaling kudzikisa kubuda kana kwapisa. Sarudza maLDO ane kupisa kudzima maficha uye kurongedza kwakanaka. PCB yakanyatsogadzirwa inoparadzirawo kupisa zvakaenzana.
