Unogona kutanga mainjiniya ekugadzirisa hardware kunyangwe usati wambobvisa mudziyo wemagetsi kare. Unongoda kuziva zvakawanda uye kuda kudzidza. Vazhinji vanotanga vanotanga nekuvhura matoyi ekare kana zvemagetsi. Vanoabvisa vodhirowa kuti vanofunga kuti zvidimbu zvacho zvinoshanda sei. Kuita izvi nemaoko ako kunokubatsira kuona kuti zvinhu zvinoenderana sei. Zvinokubatsirawo kufunga seinjiniya. Paunosanganisa kudzidza kubva mumabhuku nemapurojekiti chaiwo, unonzwisisa pfungwa huru nezvinhu zvidiki. Basa iri riri kukura, saka kune mikana yakawanda yekudzidza, kuedza zvinhu zvitsva, uye kubatana nemusika wakabatikana.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Tanga kudzidza hardware reverse engineering nekuvhura electronics dzekare. Basa iri rinokubatsira kuona mashandiro anoita zvinhu.
Dzidza mazano ekutanga emagetsi akadai semagetsi, magetsi, uye resistance. Kuziva izvi zvakakosha zvikuru kumapurojekiti ako.
Shandisa maturusi ari nyore akadai semasikurudhiraivha, mapini, uye ma multimeter kuti utange. Haudi maturusi anodhura kuti utange kudzidza.
Ramba uchitevera basa rako nekutora mifananidzo nekunyora manotsi. Zvinyorwa zvakanaka zvinokubatsira kuyeuka zvawakaita uye kuzvigovana gare gare.
Joyina mapoka epamhepo nemaforamu kuti usangane nevamwe vanhu. Kubvunza mibvunzo nekugovana nyaya kunogona kukubatsira kudzidza zvakawanda.
Chii chinonzi hardware reverse engineering?
Pfungwa huru uye zvekutanga
Ungabvunza kuti chii chinonzi hardware reverse engineering. Zvinoreva kubvisa mudziyo kuti uone kuti unoshanda sei mukati. Unotarisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe woona kuti chinobatana sei. Unoedza kunzwisisa dhizaini. Dzimwe nguva, unongovhura gadget wodhirowa zvaunoona. Dzimwe nguva, unotarisa zvakanyanya maseketi madiki kana machipisi. Vanhu vanoshandisa izvi munzvimbo dzakawanda, kwete zvemagetsi chete. Unogona kutozviwana mubiology nesoftware.
Nei zvichikosha
Ungashamisika kuti sei vanhu vachiita hardware reverse engineering. Chikonzero chacho chakajeka. Zvinokubatsira kudzidza mashandiro anoita zvinhu uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Makambani mazhinji anoshandisa izvi kuti agadzire zvigadzirwa zvavo zviri nani kana kugadzirisa zvekare. Heano mamwe ezvikonzero zvikuru nei zvichikosha:
chikonzero | tsananguro |
|---|---|
Kugadzirira kugadzira software | Unogona kuronga zviri nani uye kumisa matambudziko kana uchiziva michina yekushandisa. |
Kugadzirisa ma network | Unowana nzira dzekufambisa data nekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka. |
Kuedza kuchengetedzeka kwedata uye kuchengetedzwa kweIP | Unowana nzvimbo dzisina kunaka uye unobatsira kuchengetedza michina kubva kuma hackers. |
Kutsvaga nekudzorera kodhi yekare | Unoramba uchishanda michina yekare, kunyangwe usina vatungamiriri. |
Kuita ongororo yepamutemo | Unogona kutarisa kana mumwe munhu akakopa dhizaini kana kuti akatyora patent. |
Mashandisirwo chaiwo
Unogona kuona hardware reverse engineering munzvimbo dzakawanda. Semuenzaniso, ungangoda kugadzirisa game console yekare isingashande. Unogona kuivhura, wotsvaga chikamu chakatyoka, wochichinja. Vamwe vanhu vanoshandisa hunyanzvi uhu kuvaka magadget avo kana kuita kuti ekare ave nani. Makambani anoshandisa reverse engineering kuyedza kuchengetedzeka kana kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvakakosha. Kune nyaya apo vanhu vanochengetedza mari nekugadzirisa zvinhu pachinzvimbo chekutenga zvitsva.
Unyanzvi hwakakosha uye ruzivo
Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi
Hamufanirwe kunge muri nyanzvi mune zvemagetsi kuti mutange. Munongoda kuziva zvimwe zvekutanga. Dzidzai kuti magetsi anofamba sei mudunhu. Edzai kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nemagetsi, magetsi, uye resistance. Munogona kushandisa bhatiri, rambi, uye waya kuti muone mazano aya achishanda. Kana muchida kuenderera mberi, tarisai kuti maswitch, resistor, uye capacitors zvinoshanda sei. Zvikamu izvi zvinoonekwa mumidziyo yese yamakavhura.
Zano: Unogona kuwana mavhidhiyo emahara epamhepo anotsanangura zvemagetsi nekuyedza kuri nyore. Edza kuvaka denderedzwa diki pabhodhi rechingwa. Kudzidzira uku kwemaoko kunokubatsira kurangarira zvaunodzidza.
Zvinokosha pakuronga mapurogiramu (C, kuunganidza)
Midziyo mizhinji inoshandisa makombiyuta madiki anonzi microcontrollers. Aya anoshandisa kodhi yakanyorwa mumitauro yakaita seC kana assembly. Haufanire kunyora kodhi yakakwana. Unongoda kuverenga mapurogiramu akareruka wofungidzira zvaanoita. Tanga neC nekuti iri nyore kuverenga. Gare gare, unogona kutarisa assembly. Assembly inoita seisinganzwisisike pakutanga, asi uchajaira.
Heino muenzaniso wekodhi yeC iri nyore:
int main() {
int led = 1;
if (led) {
// Turn on the light
}
return 0;
}
Uchaona kodhi yakaita seiyi kana waita hardware reverse engineering.
Kunzwisisa mabhodhi edunhu
Mabhodhi ecircuit anobata zvikamu zvese pamwe chete. Uchaona mapuranga egirini ane mitsetse nemadotsi. Mitsetse inzira dzemagetsi. Madotsi inzvimbo dzinobatana zvikamu. Edza kutevera mitsetse nemunwe wako. Ona kwainoenda. Tsvaga machipisi makuru, maresistor madiki, uye maconnector. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine basa racho.
chidimbu | Zvinodaro |
|---|---|
Chip | Uropi hwechishandiso |
Resistor | Kuyerera kwekutonga |
Capacitor | Simba rezvitoro |
Connector | Zvinongedzo kune zvimwe zvikamu |
Kana ukadzidzira kutarisa mabhodhi, uchava nani pakutsvaga zvikamu zvakakosha. Unyanzvi uhwu hunokubatsira zvikuru mukugadzira hardware reverse engineering.
Zvishandiso zvekugadzira hardware ne reverse engineering
Zvishandiso zvepakutanga zvehardware
Haudi zvishandiso zvemhando yepamusoro kuti utange ne hardware reverse engineering. Unogona kutanga nezvishandiso zvishoma zviri nyore. Seti diki ye screwdriver inokubatsira kuvhura zvishandiso zvakawanda. Pliers dzetsono dzinokutendera kuti ubate zvikamu zvidiki. Multimeter inoongorora kana magetsi achiyerera paanofanira. Tweezers dzinokubatsira kutora zvidimbu zvidiki. Kana uchida kuona zvakadzama, girazi rinokudza rinoshanda zvakanaka. Vazhinji vanotanga vanoshandisa breadboard newaya dzejumper kuyedza macircuit. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokwana mubhokisi diki uye hazvidhuri zvakanyanya.
Zano: Tanga nezvishandiso zvakamboshandiswa kana zvekare. Unogona kuvandudza gare gare sezvaunodzidza zvakawanda.
Sarudzo dzesoftware dzevatangi
Uchada software kuti utarise mukati memachipisi nekodhi. Mamwe mapurogiramu ari nyore kune vanotanga. Binary Ninja inoonekwa nekuti inoshanda nekukurumidza uye inokutendera kuti unyore manyorerwo akareruka. Ghidra imwe sarudzo yakanaka. Inokubatsira kutarisa basa rako nekunyora manotsi. Radare2 inodzamisa uye inoratidza mashandiro anoita ndangariro, asi unogona kuiedza mushure mekunge wadzidzira. Maturusi aya anokubatsira kuona kuti mudziyo unofunga uye unoita sei.
Heano mamwe masarudzo esoftware anobatsira vanotanga:
Binary Ninja: Inokurumidza, yakarurama, uye iri nyore kushandisa.
Ghidra: Yakanakira kudzidza nekunyora manotsi.
Radare2: Yakanakira basa rekurangarira rakanyanya.
Ungangonzwa nezve IDA neGhidra sezvishandiso zvepamusoro. Ghidra haina muripo uye inowanikwa pachena, saka unogona kutanga waedza. IDA ine simba, asi unogona kumirira kusvika wava neruzivo rwakawanda.
Kusarudza maturusi ako ekutanga
Kusarudza maturusi ako ekutanga kunogona kuoma. Unogona kuita kuti zvive nyore nekufunga nezvezvaunoda kuita. Unoda kutarisa firmware here kana kuwana nzvimbo dzisina simba mumudziyo? Basa rega rega rinoda maturusi akasiyana. Tsvaga maturusi anotsigira machipisi aunoda kudzidza. Tarisa kana chishandiso ichikubvumidza kunyora mascript kana kushanda nevamwe. Fungawo nezvemari. Mamwe maturusi haabhadharwi, nepo mamwe achidhura mari kana kuti anoda kudzidziswa.
Hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo:
Ziva zvaunoda kutanga waita.
Tarisa kana chishandiso chichishanda nemudziyo wako.
Ona kana uchigona kushandisa zvinyorwa kana kugovera basa rako.
Enzanisa mitengo uye ona kana uchida rubatsiro rwakawedzerwa.
Haudi zvishandiso zvese nekukasika. Tanga zvishoma wowedzera zvimwe sezvaunokura. Nenzira iyi, uchadzidza kuti chii chinonyatsoshanda kwauri mu hardware reverse engineering.
Purojekiti yekutanga yekuvandudza hardware
Kusarudza mudziyo wekudzidzira
Ungashamisika kuti ndechipi chishandiso chaunofanira kutanga nacho. Sarudzo yakanakisisa chinhu chiri nyore uye chakachengeteka. Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvekare zvakaita sema "game consoles" akapwanyika, ma "remote controls", kana kuti kunyange router yakashandiswa zvinhu zvakanaka zvekudzidzira. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokutendera kuti uzvivhure usinganyanyi kunetseka nezvekuputsa chimwe chinhu chinokosha.
Unogona zvakare kuedza mabhodhi eArduino. Anobatsira kutanga uye ari nyore kugadzirisa. Unogona kuwana magwara akawanda nemapurojekiti eArduino online. Izvi zvinoita kuti ave akakwana papurojekiti yako yekutanga yehardware reverse engineering.
Heano mamwe masarudzo akanaka epurojekiti yako yekutanga:
Maconsoles emitambo yekare kana ma controllers
Mataireta ekare kana adapta dzeWi-Fi
Matoyi ari nyore ane zvikamu zvemagetsi
Arduino mapuranga
Zano: Dzivisa zvishandiso zvinodhura kana zvemazuva ano pakutanga. Zvinogona kuoma uye zvakaoma kugadzirisa kana paine chikanganiso.
Nhanho-ne-nhanho workflow
Ungasaziva pekutangira. Heino nzira iri nyore yaunogona kutevera pabasa rako rekutanga:
Ongorora mudziyo
Tarisa kunze nemukati memudziyo wako. Cherechedza marongerwo nezvikamu zvikuru. Tora nguva yako uye edza kufungidzira kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoita sei.Edza kuenderera kwemagetsi
Shandisa multimeter kuti uone kana kubatana kwacho kuchishanda. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuwana waya dzakatyoka kana majoini asina kunaka ekusonesa.Ziva madoko ekugadzirisa matambudziko uye zvikamu zvakakosha
Tsvaga mapini madiki kana maconnector akanyorwa kuti “DEBUG,” “UART,” kana “JTAG.” Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa pakuedza nekugadzira mapurogiramu. Unogonawo kuona machipisi makuru, makadhi ekurangarira, kana maconnector emagetsi. Tanga nekuyedza mabasa ari nyore. Kana ukawana dambudziko, tevera kumashure kuti uone kwarinotangira. Dzimwe nguva, dambudziko chairo rinovanda kuseri kwechimwe chikamu.Danho rekutanga mukugadzirisa matambudziko nderekuparadzanisa nzvimbo yedambudziko mubhodhi rako. Kuedza kunofanira kutanga nemabasa ari nyore, uye kutsvaga kumashure mukati memabasa kunogona kubatsira kuona kwakabva matambudziko, izvo zvingasava nguva dzose panowanikwa zviratidzo.
Bata zviratidzo zvemudziyo
Kana uchida kuenda mberi, solder waya kuti uedze nzvimbo. Shandisa oscilloscope kana logic analyzer kuti uone kufamba kwemasaini. Danho iri rinokubatsira kuona kuti mudziyo unotaura sei nezvikamu zvawo.Gadzira humbowo hwepfungwa
Shandisa data raunounganidza kuti ugadzire modhi iri nyore. Semuenzaniso, unogona kushandisa Arduino kukopa zvinoitwa nemudziyo. Izvi zvinokubatsira kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita mudziyo wekutanga.
Chengeta! Gara uchibvisa mudziyo wako usati wauvhura. Shandisa maturusi akakodzera uye shanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana usina chokwadi nezvechimwe chinhu, kumbira rubatsiro kana kutsvaga gwara rekushandisa online.
Zvinetso zvinowanzoitika
Ungasangana nematambudziko panguva yepurojekiti yako yekutanga:
Zvishandiso zvinogona kuoma uye kuvhiringidza.
Ungasawana mabhuku ekushandisa kana madhayagiramu.
Mimwe midziyo ine dziviriro yepamutemo. Gara uchitarisa mitemo usati watanga.
Kana ukabatwa, usazvidya mwoyo. Chikanganiso chega chega chinokubatsira kudzidza.
Kunyora maitiro ako
Kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvakanaka kwakakosha. Uchazozvitenda gare gare kana uchida kuyeuka zvawakaita kana kugovana zvawakawana.
Heano mamwe maitiro ekunyora basa rako:
Tora mifananidzo yakajeka padanho rega rega. Tora mufananidzo usati wabvisa chero chikamu uye mushure mekubvisa.
Nyora manotsi pamusoro pezvaunoona uye zvaunoita. Shandisa bhuku rekunyorera kana kuti app yedhijitari.
Dhirowa madhayagiramu edunhu kana kuti isa mazita pazvikamu zvaunowana.
Chengetedza chero data kana kodhi yaunounganidza.
Tsika iyi inokubatsira kuti ugare wakarongeka. Inoitawo kuti zvive nyore kutsanangurira vamwe basa rako kana kudzokorora nhanho dzako mune ramangwana.
Nzira Yekunyora Zvinyorwa | Nei Zvichibatsira |
|---|---|
Photos | Chinyorwa chinoonekwa chedanho rega rega |
Notes | Tsanangudzo pamusoro pezviito nezvakawanikwa |
Mifananidzo | Inoratidza kuti zvikamu zvinobatana sei |
Yakachengetedzwa Dhata | Inochengetedza kodhi nezviyero zviri nyore |
Cherechedza: Kunyora zvakanaka hunyanzvi hunokosha kune vese mainjiniya ekudzokera shure. Zvinokubatsira kutsvaga, kugadzirazve, kana kutovandudza mudziyo gare gare.
Nekutevera matanho aya, uchavaka chivimbo nehunyanzvi mukugadzira hardware reverse engineering. Yeuka, kudzidzira nemaoko ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidza. Nakidzwa uye ramba uchida kuziva!
Mazano nezvishandiso zvekudzidza
Kukanganisa kwakajairika kunzvenga
Zviri nyore kufara uye kutanga nekukurumidza, asi vanotanga vanowanzoita zvikanganiso zvakafanana. Heano zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kungwarira nezvazvo:
Usapotsa matanho ekuchengetedza. Gara uchibvisa plug yemidziyo usati waivhura.
Kana ukakanganwa kunyora manotsi kana mapikicha, ungakanganwa zvawakaita.
Usatange nemidziyo mitsva kana inodhura. Tanga washandisa michina yekare uye iri nyore.
Usamhanye. Tarisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe zvishoma nezvishoma uye nokungwarira.
Kumbira rubatsiro kana uchida. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kuudza vamwe zvavanoziva.
Zano: Kana zvikaitika kuti wabatwa nedambudziko, zorora woongorora dambudziko racho zvakare. Kutarisa patsva kunogona kukubatsira kuona zvinhu zvawakarasikirwa nazvo.
Online madhairekitori uye tutorials
Kune nhungamiro dzakawanda online, asi dzimwe dzakanakira vanotanga. "Gwaro reVatangi reReverse Engineering (Retro Games)" inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga. Gwaro iri rinoshandisa mitambo yekare yemavhidhiyo kudzidzisa hardware reverse engineering. Rinotsanangura kuti nei reverse engineering yakakosha uye kuti inobatana sei neprogramming. Uchadzidza nekubvisa zvinhu uye kuona mashandiro azvo. Uchaonawo kuti mitambo inogadzirwa sei uye nei izvi zvichikubatsira nemimwe midziyo.
Unogona zvakare kuwana mavhidhiyo ekudzidzisa paYouTube. Vanhu vazhinji vanoratidza mapurojekiti chaiwo nhanho nhanho. Mavhidhiyo aya anokubatsira kutevera uye kuedza zvinhu iwe pachako.
Nharaunda nemaforamu
Hamufanirwe kudzidza muri mega. Kune mapoka akawanda epamhepo anogamuchira vanotanga uye anopindura mibvunzo. Heano maforamu maviri anozivikanwa:
Forum Name | tsananguro | batanidzo |
|---|---|---|
Matuts 4 Iwe | Nzvimbo ine zvinyorwa uye hurukuro nezve reverse engineering. | Shanyira Tuts 4 You |
Tinker Yakasiyana | Boka revanhu vanoda tekinoroji yekare uye hardware reverse engineering. | Shanyira Tinker Different |
Unogona kupinda muforamu idzi kuti ubvunze mibvunzo, ugovane basa rako, kana kuverenga zviri kuitwa nevamwe. Vanhu ikoko vane hushamwari uye vanoda kubatsira.
Yeuka: Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzidza ndeyekuedza, kukanganisa, uye kukumbira rubatsiro. Nharaunda ye hardware reverse engineering ine vanhu vakawanda vakatanga sewe.
Unogona kutanga hardware reverse engineering nekutevera matanho mashoma ari nyore. Kutanga, tora maturusi ekutanga. Uchada zvinhu zvakaita seTTL to USB adapter, CH341A programmer, SOP8 test clip, soldering iron, uye solder flux. Tevere, dzidza zvimwe zvekutanga zvemutauro we assembly. Edza kushandisa maturusi ekutanga akadai seGhidra. Wobva washanda pamapurojekiti madiki. Ita shuwa kuti wanyora zvaunoita sezvaunoita.
Taura nevamwe vanhu vanoda hardware reverse engineering. Heano mamwe maturusi anogona kukubatsira:
chikamu | Resource |
|---|---|
zvirongwa | Codecademy, HackerRank, C Programming Language |
matambudziko | Matambudziko.re |
YouTube | LaurieWired, Kudzidza Kwemazinga Akaderera |
Ramba uchidzidza zvinhu zvitsva. Ramba uchida kuziva zvakawanda uye batana neboka. Chirongwa chega chega chaunopedza chinokubatsira kuti uve nani!
FAQ
Ndeipi mudziyo uri nyore kutanga nawo?
Unogona kutanga neremote yekare yeTV, game controller yakatyoka, kana toy iri nyore. Midziyo iyi ine zvikamu zvishoma uye yakachengeteka kuvhura. Uchadzidza zvakawanda nekungotarisa mukati uye kutevera macircuit.
Ndinofanira kuziva here kuti ndingagadzira sei solder?
Hamufanirwe kusonera pabasa renyu rekutanga. Vazhinji vanotanga vanoshandisa mabreadboards newaya dzejumper. Kana muchida kugadzirisa kana kubatanidza zvikamu gare gare, kudzidza kusonera kuchakubatsirai. Unogona kuwana mavhidhiyo akawanda ekusonera vanotanga paindaneti.
Ndingakanganisa mudziyo nekuuvhura here?
Ehe, unogona kupwanya chimwe chinhu kana ukamhanya-mhanya kana kushandisa maturusi asiri iwo. Gara uchibvisa mudziyo kutanga. Shandisa sikurudhiraivha diki woshanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Tora mifananidzo sezvaunoenderera mberi. Kana ukabatwa, kumbira rubatsiro kana kutarisa gwara.
Ko hardware reverse engineering iri pamutemo here?
Kazhinji, unogona kuvhura nekudzidza zvishandiso zvako wega. Dzimwe nyika dzine mitemo yekukopa kana kugovera magadzirirwo. Gara uchitarisa mitemo yemuno usati watanga. Kana ukangodzidza wega, unowanzo gara wakachengeteka.
Ndingawana kupi mamwe mapurojekiti ekutanga?
Unogona kutsvaga paYouTube kuti uwane "hardware reverse engineering yevanotanga." Vagadziri vazhinji vanogovana gwara rematanho-nematanho. Maforamu akaita seTinker Different naTuts 4 Unewo mazano epurojekiti. Edza kubvunza munharaunda idzi kana uchida mamwe mazano.
