Simba PCB dhizaini ndiyo kiyi chinongedzo chekuona kushanda kwakanaka uye kwakagadzikana kwemidziyo yemagetsi. Inotevera ipfupiso yakadzama yeakakosha mapoinzi emagetsi PCB dhizaini:
- Thermal dhizaini
Zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinogadzira kupisa kwakawanda kana uchishanda, saka kutonga kwekushisa ndiro basa rekutanga remagetsi PCB dhizaini.
Dhizaini yekupisa kupisa: Dhizaina zvimiro zvakakodzera zvekubvisa kupisa, senge madhishi ekupisa, pombi dzekupisa, nezvimwe, kuvandudza kupisa kwekupisa.
Mhangura foil dhizaini: Wedzera iyo yemhangura foil nzvimbo yePCB kuvandudza yekupisa conductivity uye kuderedza kuramba kwemhangura foil.
Thermal isolation: Seta bhandi rekuparadzanisa rinopisa pakati pemidziyo yekupisa-yakanyanya uye zvinhu zvinonzwisisika kuti uderedze mhedzisiro yekupisa.
- Power management
Nzira yemagetsi: Gadzirisa nzira yemagetsi uye kuderedza kuramba uye inductance patambo yemagetsi kuderedza kudonha kwemagetsi uye ripple.
Decoupling capacitor: Isa yakakodzera decoupling capacitor patambo yemagetsi kusefa kunze kwepamusoro-frequency ruzha.
Multi-power layer: Mune akawanda-layer board dhizaini, shandisa yakatsaurirwa simba layer uye pasi pasi kuti uvandudze kugadzikana kwemagetsi.
- Ground waya kugadzira
Single-point grounding: Shandisa iyo imwe-point yekumisa nzira kudzikisa nzvimbo yepasi loop uye kuderedza ivhu loop impedance.
Ndege yepasi: Shandisa ndege yepasi mumabhodhi akawanda kuti upe yakaderera-impedance pasi zvishwe.
Partition ground: Kune yakakwirira-frequency kana yakakwirira-kumhanya masaini, shandisa partition yepasi dhizaini kudzivirira kupindirana pakati pezviratidzo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinoshanda.
- Trace design
Trace hupamhi: Verenga hupamhi hwakakodzera hwekutsvaga zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvino uye maitiro ebhodhi kuti udzivise kupisa uye kudonha kwemagetsi.
Trace urefu: Edza kupfupisa kureba kwekutsvaga kuderedza kuramba uye inductance.
Differential trace: Pamasaini ekusiyanisa, chengetedza kureba, hupamhi uye kupatsanurwa kwemitsara yakatsaukana ichienderana kuderedza kusaenzana kwemusiyano.
- Chimiro chechimiro
Zvikamu zvesimba: Zvikamu zvesimba zvinofanirwa kunge zviri padyo nesimba rinoenderana uye nzvimbo yekubatanidza yepasi kuderedza kupokana munzira.
Sensitive components: Chengeta zvinhu zvine hunyoro kure nekupisa kwakanyanya uye nzvimbo dzine ruzha.
Symmetrical dhizaini: Kune symmetrical maseketi, chengetedza symmetrical dhizaini yezvikamu kuderedza kukanganiswa kwemagetsi.
- Electromagnetic kuenderana (EMC)
Shielding dhizaini: Chengetedza yakakwira mwaranzi masosi kudzikisa electromagnetic kupindira.
Sefa: Shandisa mafirita patambo dzemagetsi uye mitsara yemasaini kusefa kunze ruzha.
Wiring matipi: Dzivisa kurudyi-kona nzira, uye shandisa 45-degree angles kana arc shanduko kudzikisa magetsi emagetsi.
- Vias uye kuburikidza-maburi
Via dhizaini: Zvinonzwisisika marongero vias kuvandudza kugadzikana kwekubatanidza kwesimba uye pasi.
Kuburikidza nekushandisa-maburi: Shandisa kuburikidza-maburi uko iko zvino kutakura kutakura kunoda kuvandudzwa.
- Matanho ekudzivirira
Kudzivirirwa kwepamusoro: Dhizaina overcurrent dziviriro maseketi, sekushandisa fuse, azvino ekuona maseketi, nezvimwe.
Overvoltage dziviriro: Shandisa zvinhu zvakaita sevaristors kana transient voltage suppressors (TVS) kudzivirira overvoltage.
Short-circuit dziviriro: Dhizaina mapfupi-ekudzivirira maseketi kudzivirira kukuvara kwechishandiso.
- Chiratidzo chekuvimbika (SI) uye simba kuvimbika (PI)
Impedance yekufananidza: Ita shuwa kuti hunhu hwekudzivirira kwemutsara wekutapurirana hunoenderana nekwakabva uye mutoro unopera.
Crosstalk kuderedza: Deredza crosstalk nekuwedzera nzvimbo pakati pematanho, uchishandisa pasi ndege yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, nezvimwe.
Reflection control: Deredza zviratidziro zvechiratidzo kuburikidza neiyo terminal yekufananidza.
- Stacking chimiro
Sarudzo yeLayer: Sarudza iyo yakakodzera nhamba yePCB layers zvinoenderana nedhizaini zvinodiwa.
Stacking optimization: Gadzirisa iyo stacking chimiro kuti uvandudze electromagnetic kuenderana uye kupisa kuita.
- Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu
Thermal conductivity: Sarudza zvinhu zvine high thermal conductivity kuti uvandudze kupisa kwekushisa.
Magetsi zvivakwa: Sarudza zvinhu zvine zvakanaka magetsi zvivakwa, senge yakaderera dielectric kugara uye yakaderera kurasikirwa tangent.
- Kuedzwa uye kusimbiswa
Simulation ongororo: Ita yekupisa simulation, electromagnetic kuenderana simulation, uye chiratidzo chekuvimbika simulation panguva yekugadzira chikamu.
Prototype kuyedzwa: Ita prototype uye ita bvunzo chaiyo kuti uone kana dhizaini ichizadzisa zvinodiwa.
- kuvimbika
Mechanical stress: Funga nezve mechanical stress iyo PCB inogona kuiswa pairi panguva yekuungana uye kushandiswa.
Zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza: Funga nezvemabatiro ezvakatipoteredza zvakaita setembiricha, humidity, uye vibration paPCB performance.
- Gungano uye kugadzirisa
Gungano: Funga nezvekuita kwegungano panguva yekugadzira kuti uone kuti zvikamu zviri nyore kuisa uye solder.
Kuchengetedza: Dhizaini masekete ari nyore kuchengetedza kuti afambise gare gare kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kutsiva chikamu.
- Kudzora mutengo
Sarudzo yebhodhi: Sarudza mabhodhi anodhura paunenge uchisangana nezvinodiwa zvekuita.
Dhizaini optimization: Deredza kushandiswa kwezvinhu kuburikidza nedhizaini dhizaini, sekudzikisa huwandu hwematanho, optimize nzira, nezvimwe.
- Documentation uye annotation
Dhizaini zvinyorwa: Rekodha maitiro ekugadzira uye sarudzo zvakadzama kufambisa kutaurirana kwechikwata uye kunotevera kugadzirisa.
Bvisa zvirevo: Ipa zvakajeka zvirevo muPCB marongerwo, kusanganisira kukosha kwechikamu, nhamba dzereferensi, uye zviratidzo.
- Kuenderera mberi nekudzidza
Zvigadziriso zveTekinoroji: Teerera kune yazvino hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza mumunda wePCB dhizaini nekugadzira.
Kugovana ruzivo: Kurudzira nhengo dzechikwata kuti dzigovane ruzivo uye ruzivo rwekuvandudza pamwe chete danho rekugadzira.
- Kuongorora kwekugadzira
Ongororo yemukati: Ita wongororo yemukati mushure mekunge dhizaini yapera kuti utarise zvikanganiso zvinogona kuitika uye kusiiwa.
Wechitatu-bato odhita: Funga kushandisa wechitatu-bato hunyanzvi masevhisi ekuongorora dhizaini kuti uve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedhizaini.
- Kutevedza kwezvakatipoteredza
Kurambidzwa kwezvinhu zvine ngozi: Tevedzera mirairo yekurambidza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvine njodzi, senge RoHS rairo.
Kudzokorodza uye kushandisazve: Funga nezve kudzokorodza uye kushandiswazve kwePCBs paunenge uchigadzira.
- Mhinduro yemushandisi
Unganidza mhinduro: Unganidza mhinduro yemushandisi mushure mekunge chigadzirwa chaburitswa kuti unzwisise kuita kwechigadzirwa mukushandiswa chaiko.
Kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza: Ramba uchivandudza PCB dhizaini zvichienderana nemhinduro yemushandisi uye shanduko yemusika.
Simba PCB dhizaini idanho rakaomarara rinoda kuti vagadziri vave nehunyanzvi hwakadzama uye ruzivo rwakapfuma runoshanda. Nekutevera mapoinzi ari pamusoro apa, iwe unogona kugadzira yakakwirira-inoshanda uye yakavimbika simba PCB, ichipa hwaro hwakasimba hwekushanda kwakagadzikana kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
