1. FPC Material Kucheka
Kunze kwezvimwe zvinhu, zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumacircuits akadhindwa anochinjika (FPC ) zvinouya zviri mumarolls. Sezvo zvisiri zvese zvinoitwa zvinoda matekiniki akavakirwa pamarolls, mamwe maitiro, akadai sekuboora maburi esimbi muPCB inochinjika ine mativi maviri, anofanira kuitwa nezvinhu zvakaita sepepa. Danho rekutanga rePCB inochinjika ine mativi maviri kucheka zvinhu kuita mapepa.
Flexible copper-clad laminates ine kushivirira kwakanyanya kune mechanical stress uye inogona kukuvara nyore. Chero kukanganisa panguva yekucheka kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya chibereko chemaitiro anotevera. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe kucheka kungaita sekwakareruka, kungwarira kukuru kunofanirwa kutorwa kuve nechokwadi chemhando yezvinhu. Kune zvidiki zvidiki, manyore ekucheka michina kana rotary cutters inogona kushandiswa. Pakugadzirwa kwakakura, otomatiki yekucheka michina inodiwa.
Ingave iri laminates ine mativi maviri kana maviri kana mafirimu ekufukidza, kunyatsocheka kunogona kusvika ±0.33 mm. Maitiro ekucheka akavimbika zvikuru, uye zvinhu zvakachekwa zvinounganidzwa zvakanaka, pasina chikonzero chekubata nemaoko pazvinobuda. Maitiro aya anoderedza kukuvara kwezvinhu, uye zvinhu zvinoramba zvisina makwinya kana mavanga. Uyezve, michina yepamusoro inogona kucheka otomatiki maFPC akachekwa muchimiro cheroll uchishandisa masensa ekuona anoona mapatani ekurongedza akachekwa, zvichiita kuti kucheka kuve kwakarurama kwe0.3 mm. Zvisinei, mipendero yakachekwa haifanirwe kushandiswa pakurongedza mune zvinotevera.
2. FPC Hole Drilling
Kufanana nemabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa (PCB), maburi ekupinda nepakati muPCB anochinjika anogona kuboorwa uchishandisa CNC drilling. Zvisinei, CNC drilling haina kukodzera macircuits ane mativi maviri ane maburi ane simbi. Sezvo magadzirirwo edunhu achiwedzera kusimba uye dhayamita yekupinda nepakati ikaderera, miganhu yeCNC drilling yakaita kuti pave nedzimwe nzira dzekuchera maburi dzakadai seplasma etching, laser drilling, micro-punching, uye chemical etching. Aya mahunyanzvi matsva anowirirana zvakanyanya nezvinodiwa zve roll-based process.
CNC Kudonhedza
Mazhinji maburi anoboorwa muPCB inochinjika ine mativi maviri achiri kuboorwa uchishandisa michina yeCNC . Michina iyi yeCNC yakafanana neiyo inoshandiswa paPCB yakaoma, kunyange zvazvo mamwe mamiriro akasiyana. Sezvo PCB inochinjika iri diki, mapepa akawanda anogona kurongedzwa kuti aboorwe. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, mapepa gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu anogona kuboorwa panguva imwe chete. Mapepa ePhenolic-based laminates kana girazi-fiber epoxy laminates anogona kushandiswa semapepa ekumashure uye ekufukidza, kana mapurati ealuminium ane ukobvu hwe0.2 kusvika 0.4 mm anogonawo kushandiswa. Mabhora ekushandisa anoshandiswa muPCB inochinjika anowanikwa pamusika, uye mabhora anoshandiswa pakuboorwa PCB yakaoma anogonawo kushandiswa kune anochinjika.
Mamiriro ekuboorera, kugaya firimu rekufukidza, uye kugadzira bhodhi rekusimbisa anowanzo fanana. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekupfava kweglue inoshandiswa muzvinhu zvinochinjika zvePCB, inogona kunamatira nyore nyore ku drill bit, zvichida kuongororwa nguva nenguva kwemamiriro e drill bit uye kuwedzera kwakakodzera kumhanya kwayo kwekutenderera. Kungwarira kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kutorwa pakuchera multilayer flexible PCB kana rigid-flex PCB.
Punching
Micro-punching haisi nzira itsva uye yakashandiswa mukugadzirwa kwehuwandu. Sezvo roll-based maitiro anosanganisira kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa, zviitiko zvakawanda zviripo apo kuburikidza-maburi anoroverwa mu roll fomati. Zvakadaro, kubaya kwemhasuru kunogumira kumadhayamita egomba e0.6–0.8 mm, uye zvichienzaniswa neCNC drilling, kubaya kunotora nguva yakareba uye kunoda kushanda kwemaoko. Maitiro ekutanga anowanzo batanidza zviyero zvakakura, izvo zvinoita kuti chibhakera chinofa chakakura uye chinodhura zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe kugadzirwa kwakawanda kunogona kuderedza mitengo, kudzikira kwemidziyo kwakakosha, uye pakugadzira diki-batch, CNC kuchera kunopa kuchinjika uye mutengo wakanaka.
Mumakore achangopfuura, zvakadaro, kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwakaitwa mune zvese punching kufa chaiko uye CNC kuchera. Kurova ikozvino kwave kuita nyore kune inoshanduka PCB. Iwo azvino matekinoroji ekufa anogona kugadzira maburi madiki se75 µm mune inonamira-isina copper-clad laminates ine substrate ukobvu hwe25 µm. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera, maburi madiki se50 µm anogonawo kubaiwa. Machina ekubaya akave otomatiki, uye madiki anofa ave kuwanikwa, zvichiita kuti punching sarudzo ishande yePCB inoshanduka. Nekudaro, kana CNC kuchera kana kubaya kwakakodzera kugadzirisa maburi mapofu.
Laser Kuchera
Laser tekinoroji inogona kudhiraivha diki kuburikidza nemaburi. Mhando dzinoverengeka dzelaser drilling machines dzinoshandiswa kuchinjika PCB, dzinosanganisira excimer lasers, CO₂ lasers, YAG (yttrium aluminium garnet) lasers, uye argon lasers.
CO₂ lasers inongo dhiza matinji ekuisa, nepo YAG lasers inogona kudhiraivha ese ari maviri ekudzivirira layer uye foil yemhangura. Kuchera iyo insulation layer inokurumidza kupfuura kuchera foil yemhangura, saka kushandisa laser imwe chete kune ese maitiro ekuchera hakuna kunaka. Kazhinji, iyo foil yemhangura inotanga yakadzikwa kuti iite gomba patani, uyezve iyo insulation layer inobviswa kuti iite kuburikidza-buri. Iyi nzira inobvumira kuti madhayamita madiki egomba acherwe nemalaser. Zvisinei, kurongeka kwemakomba pakati pemakomba epamusoro nepasi kunogona kuderedza dhayamita yegomba. Nokuti mapofu vias, nyaya vertical kurongeka haimuki, sezvo chete divi divi mhangura foil ari etched.
Excimer lasers inokwanisa kuchera maburi akanakisa. Excimer lasers anoshandisa ultraviolet mwenje iyo yakananga kuputsa mamorekuru eiyo substrate resin, ichigadzira kushoma kupisa, uye kudzikisira kukuvadza kunzvimbo yakatenderedza gomba. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nemadziro akatsetseka, akatwasuka maburi. Kana danda relaser richigona kuderedzwa muhukuru, maburi ane madhayamita e10–20 µm anogona kuboorwa. Nekudaro, sezvo chiyero chechikamu chinowedzera, kunyorova kwemhangura kunowedzera kuoma.
Nyaya yakakosha ine excimer laser drilling ndeyekuti iyo resin decomposition inoburitsa kabhoni nhema yakasara pamadziro egomba, iyo inofanirwa kucheneswa isati yaiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, kufanana kweiyo laser kunogona kutungamira kune bamboo-senge masara kana uchigadzira maburi mapofu. Dambudziko hombe neexcimer laser drilling ndeyekumhanya kwayo kunonoka uye kudhura kwakanyanya, kumisa kushandiswa kwayo kumashandisirwo anoda yakanyanya kurongeka uye kuvimbika kumakomba madiki.
CO₂ laser drills, nekupesana, inokurumidza uye isingadhure asi ine hurombo hwegomba mhando, ine madhayamita anowanzo kubva pa70 kusvika zana µm. Nekudaro, iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa inokurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura excimer lasers, ichiita CO₂ laser kudhiraivha zvakanyanya-inoshanda, kunyanya kune yakakwira-density hole arrays.
Paunenge uchishandisa CO₂ lasers kuchera mapofu vias, zvakakosha kuti laser isvike chete pamusoro pemhangura. Organic kubviswa kubva pamusoro hakuna basa, asi mushure mekugadzirisa nemakemikari kana plasma etching inogona kudiwa kuchenesa nzvimbo yemhangura.
3. Gomba Metallization
Maitiro ekugadzira maburi esimbi yePCB inochinjika akafanana neaya anoshandiswa paPCB yakaoma . Kufambira mberi kwazvino kwakatsiva kupaka kwemakemikari nekuisa zvakananga uchishandisa carbon-based conductive layers. Iyi nzira yakatangwawo mukugadzira maPCB anochinjika.
Nekuti inochinjika PCB yakapfava, yakakosha zvigadziriso zvinodiwa kuchengetedza mabhodhi panguva yesimbi. Izvi zvigadziriso hazvingobati chete PCB munzvimbo asi zvakare inovimbisa kugadzikana mubhavhu replating. Zvikasadaro, iyo isina kuenzana yemhangura yeplating ukobvu inogona kutungamira kune nyaya senge shorts uye bhiriji panguva etching. Kuti uwane yunifomu yemhangura yeplating, iyo inochinjika PCB inofanirwa kutambanudzwa zvakasimba mukati mekugadzirisa, uye kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune electrode chinzvimbo.
4. Copper Foil Surface Kuchenesa
Kuti uvandudze kunamatira kwemasikisi ekupikisa, iyo yemhangura foil yepamusoro inofanira kucheneswa isati yashandisa kuramba. Kunyangwe izvi zvichiita senzira iri nyore, kutarisirwa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kutorwa kune inochinjika PCB.
Kazhinji, kuchenesa kunosanganisira nzira dzemakemikari uye dzemuchina. Nokuda kwemaitiro chaiwo, nzira mbiri dzinowanzobatanidzwa. Mechanical brushing inogona kuve yakaoma; kana brashi yakanyanya kuoma, inogona kukuvadza foil yemhangura, asi kana yakanyanya kupfava, kuchenesa kunogona kunge kusina kukwana. Kazhinji, mabhurashi enylon anoshandiswa, uye kureba nekuoma kwemabhurashi kunofanirwa kunyatsosarudzwa. Mapiritsi maviri ebhurashi akaiswa pamusoro pebhanhire rekutakura, achitenderedza akatarisana nekufamba kwebhandi. Nekudaro, kudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanya kubva kumabhurashi rollers kunogona kurebesa iyo substrate, zvichitungamira kune shanduko yedimensional.
Kana pamusoro pemhangura pakasacheneswa zvakanaka, kunamira kwemasiki ekudzivirira kuchava kwakashata, zvichideredza goho rekugadzira. Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwemhando yemalaminates esimbi yemhangura mumakore achangopfuura, kuchenesa pamusoro kunogona kusiyiwa kune maseketi ane mativi maviri. Zvisinei, kune mapatani akanyatsojeka ari pasi pe100 µm , kuchenesa pamusoro kuchiri kukosha.
