Ubona izintambo ezinemibala eminingi yejakhethi yocingo. Le mibala ikusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi ikhebula ngalinye lenzani. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi eminye imibala isho ukuthini:
Color | Isicelo |
|---|---|
iwolintshi | Ukuqedwa kwehhovisi elimaphakathi |
Green | Ukunqanyulwa kokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi yekhasimende |
Purple | I-LAN, i-PBX, noma ukunqanyulwa kwekhebula lekhompyutha |
White | Ukunqanyulwa kwezokuxhumana komgogodla wezinga lokuqala |
Grey | Ukunqanyulwa kwezokuxhumana komgogodla wezinga lesibili |
Blue | Ukunqanyulwa kwekhebula legumbi lezisetshenziswa |
Red | Ukunqanyulwa kwesistimu yocingo ebalulekile |
Ukufaka amakhodi kumakhebuli isiza ukugcina abantu bephephile. Kukusiza futhi ukuthi ulandele imithetho. Ungakwazi ukumisa izingozi futhi ulungise izintambo ngokushesha. Amakhodi ombala ahlukile ku-AC, DC, nezintambo zedatha. Amazinga afana ne-T568A ne-T568B abonisa indlela yokusebenzisa imibala kumakhebuli enethiwekhi. Ngezinye izikhathi, imisebenzi ekhethekile isebenzisa imibala yangokwezifiso. Uma ufuna ulwazi olwengeziwe, vakashela ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Imibala yejakhethi yocingo ikhombisa ukuthi ikhebula ngayinye ngeyani. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile futhi usebenze kahle.
Ukusebenzisa amakhodi ombala alungile we-AC, DC, nezintambo zedatha kubaluleke kakhulu. Isiza ukumisa izingozi futhi yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izintambo zixhuma ngendlela efanele.
Imibala yangokwezifiso ingenza izintambo zihlungwe kalula. Kodwa kufanele uhlale uhlola imithetho yendawo ukuze ugcine izinto ziphephile futhi ulandele umthetho.
Imibala Yejakhethi Yentambo Ejwayelekile Emakhebulani
Ukwazi wire jacket imibala ikusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile. Iphinde ikusize ukuthi usebenze ngokushesha ngezintambo. Uyibona le mibala ezintanjeni zikagesi nezenethiwekhi. Umbala ngamunye ulandela imithetho futhi ubonisa ukuthi ikhebula lenzani. Ake sibone ukuthi imibala isetshenziswa kanjani ezintambo ezihlukahlukene.
Imibala Ejwayelekile Yocingo Logesi
Izintambo zikagesi zinemibala eminingi yejakhethi yocingo. Le mibala ikusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi ucingo ngalunye lwenzani. I-National Electrical Code (NEC) ibeka imithetho yokuphepha nokusetshenziswa kalula. Nali itafula elikhombisa ukuthi umbala ngamunye usho ukuthini:
Color | Okusho |
|---|---|
iwolintshi | Indawo yokuklama yokunqanyulwa kwehhovisi elimaphakathi |
Green | Ukunqanyulwa kokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi ohlangothini lwekhasimende lwephoyinti lokuklama |
Purple | Ukunqanyulwa kwamakhebuli emishinini evamile njengama-LAN, ama-PBX, amakhompyutha, noma ama-multiplexer |
White | Ukuqedwa kwemidiya yomgogodla wezinga lokuqala ebhilidini elikhulu elixhumanisayo |
Grey | Ukuqedwa kwemidiya yomgogodla wezinga lesibili ebhilidini elikhulu elixhumanisayo |
Blue | Ukunqanyulwa kwemidiya yokuxhumana ngocingo ekugcineni kwegumbi lekhebula |
Red | Ukunqanyulwa kwezinhlelo zocingo ezibalulekile enhlanganweni |
Ubona le mithetho yemibala ezindlini nasemabhizinisini:
Izintambo eziluhlaza noma ezingenalutho zisho ukubeka phansi.
Izintambo ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga azithathi hlangothi.
Izintambo ezimnyama, ezibomvu, noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyashisa noma zibukhoma.
I-NEC ithi kumele ulandele le mithetho yemibala. Lokhu kukugcina uphephile futhi kukusiza ukuthi ungawenzi amaphutha.
Amakhodi Ombala Wekhebula Yenethiwekhi (i-Ethernet, Isiqephu, I-Crossover)
Izintambo zenethiwekhi zisebenzisa eminye imithetho yombala. Ubona izintambo ze-ethernet ngombala ompunga, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, owolintshi, onsomi, omnyama, opinki, obomvu, nomhlophe. Umbala ngamunye ungasho okuthile okuhlukile. Nali itafula ukukhombisa ukuthi umbala ngamunye usho ukuthini:
Color | Umsebenzi |
|---|---|
Gray | Ukuxhumeka kwe-ethernet okujwayelekile |
Green | Ukuxhumeka kwe-ethernet ye-Crossover |
Yellow | Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (POE) |
iwolintshi | I-Analog Non-Ethernet |
Purple | I-Digital Non-Ethernet |
Blue | Uxhumano lweseva yetheminali |
Red | Amakhamera we-IP |
Black | Umbala ojwayelekile we-ethernet owengeziwe |
pink | Umbala ojwayelekile we-ethernet owengeziwe |
White | Umbala ojwayelekile we-ethernet owengeziwe |
Izintambo ezimpunga zisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana okuningi kwenethiwekhi. Izintambo eziluhlaza okokuxhumanisa i-crossover. Izintambo eziluhlaza zixhumeka kumaseva etheminali. Izintambo eziphuzi ezaMandla phezu kwe-Ethernet. Izintambo ezibomvu zixhuma kumakhamera we-IP. Eminye imibala efana nomnyama, obomvana, nomhlophe ikusiza ukuthi uhlele inethiwekhi yakho.
Ithiphu: Njalo hlola imithetho yenkampani yakho ngaphambi kokukhetha imibala yekhebula ye-ethernet. Ezinye izindawo zisebenzisa amakhodi emibala akhethekile emisebenzini ethile.
Okumele Umbala Ngamunye
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi umbala ngamunye usho ukuthini ezintanjeni zikagesi nezenethiwekhi. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ulandele imithetho yokuphepha futhi usebenze ngokushesha. Nali umhlahlandlela osheshayo:
Okuluhlaza noma okungenalutho: Ukugawula kumakhebula kagesi.
Okumhlophe noma okumpunga: Ayithathi hlangothi ezintanjeni zikagesi.
Okumnyama, okubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Izintambo ezishisayo noma ezibukhoma kumakhebuli kagesi.
Okumpunga: Ikhebuli ye-ethernet evamile.
Okuluhlaza: Ikhebuli ye-ethernet ye-Crossover.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Uxhumo lweseva yetheminali.
Okuphuzi: Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet.
Okubomvu: Ukuxhumeka kwekhamera ye-IP.
Okuphephuli: Ikhebuli yedijithali engeyona ye-ethernet.
Iwolintshi: Ikhebula le-analog engeyona ye-ethernet.
Mnyama, epinki, emhlophe: Izinketho zekhebula le-ethernet ezijwayelekile.
Imithetho yombala yenza kube lula ukwazi ukuthi ikhebula ngalinye lenzani. Ukulandela le mithetho kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile futhi ugcine umsebenzi wakho ucocekile. Ukufaka amakhodi kombala kubalulekile ukuze kuphephe futhi kube lula ukuphathwa kwentambo.
Amakhodi Ombala Wekhebula we-AC, DC, kanye nedatha
Amakhebuli anemibala eminingi yejakhethi yocingo. Le mibala ikusiza ukuthi usebenzise izintambo ngokuphepha. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi amakhodi ombala asebenza kanjani ku-AC, DC, nezintambo zedatha. Uhlobo ngalunye lunemithetho yalo. Uma ulandela le mithetho, uhlala uphephile.
Amakhodi Ombala Wesekethe ye-AC
Amasekhethi e-AC asebenzisa amakhodi ombala ukuze abonise ukuthi intambo ngayinye yenzani. Lawa makhodi uwabona emakhaya, ezikoleni, nasezimbonini. Imibala ikutshela ukuthi iyiphi intambo ebukhoma, ephakathi nendawo, noma ephansi. Kufanele usebenzise umbala ofanele ukugwema ingozi.
Nali itafula elinemibala yejakhethi yentambo ye-AC evamile:
Uhlobo | Umbala Wocingo | Injongo |
|---|---|---|
AC | Black | Isigaba 1 |
AC | Red | Isigaba 2 |
AC | Blue | Isigaba 3 (208V) |
AC | White | sokungahlangene |
AC | Okuluhlaza / Ophuzi | Ground |
Izindawo ezihlukene zisebenzisa amakhodi emibala ehlukene yekhebula le-AC. Ungabona lo mehluko kuthebula elingezansi:
Isifunda/Okuvamile | I-Single Phase AC (230V) | Isigaba sesithathu se-AC (415+ V) |
|---|---|---|
OKUMNYAMA = Isigaba, OKUMHLOPHE = Okungathathi hlangothi, OKULULUHLAZA/KUBHABHE = Umhlabathi | OKULUHLAZA okwesibhakabhaka = Isigaba 1, OKULILEKILE = Isigaba 2, EMNYAMA = Isigaba 3, OMHLOPHE = Imaphakathi, OKULUHLAZA / OKUBHABHEKI = Ground | |
I-IEC (UK, EU) | OKUNQAPHAKATHI = Isigaba, OKULUHLAZA okwesibhakabhaka = Ukungathathi hlangothi, OKULUHLAZA/OKUMTHUTHUSI = Umhlaba | OKUNsundu = Isigaba 1, OKUMNYAMA = Isigaba 2, OKUMPUVU = Isigaba 3, OKULUHLAZA okwesibhakabhaka = Okuphakathi nendawo, OKULULUHLAZA/OKUTHULU = Umhlaba |
Amakhodi ase-UK amadala | BOVU = Isigaba, EMNYAMA = Amaphakathi, OKULUHLAZA/OKUTHULU = Umhlaba | OKUBOMVU = Isigaba 1, OKULUTHUTHUSI = Isigaba 2, OKULUHLAZA okwesibhakabhaka = Isigaba 3, OKUMNYAMA = Okuphakathi nendawo, OKULULUHLAZA/OKUTHULU = Umhlaba |
Qaphela: Ukusebenzisa umbala ongalungile kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Ungase uthuke, ubase umlilo, noma uphule izinto zokusebenza. Njalo hlola imithetho ngaphambi kokuthi uqale.
Uma usebenzisa umbala wejakhethi yocingo okungalungile, ungaba nezinkinga zokuphepha:
Ingozi Yokuphepha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
Ukushaqeka kagesi | Ukuxhuma okungalungile kungenza izintambo ziphile futhi kubangele ukushaqeka. |
Izingozi Zomlilo | Izintambo ezingalungile zingashisa kakhulu futhi ziqale umlilo. |
Ukulimala Kwezisetshenziswa | Izintambo ezingalungile zingaphula izinto zakho zokusebenza. |
Udinga ukulandela amakhodi ombala ukuze uphumelele ukuhlolwa futhi uhlale uphephile.
DC Circuit Color Codes
Amasekhethi e-DC asebenzisa amakhodi anemibala ehlukene kunamasekhethi e-AC. Ubona izintambo ze-DC kumaphaneli elanga, amabhethri, nezinto zikagesi. Imibala ikhombisa ukuthi yiluphi ucingo oluphozithivu, olunegethivu, noma oluphansi.
Nali ithebula elinamakhodi ombala wekhebula le-DC ajwayelekile:
Ikhodi Yemibala | Umsebenzi we-DC | I-AC Equivalent (uma ikhona) |
|---|---|---|
Red | Intambo eqondile (+). | UBrown (eYurophu) |
Black | Intambo engalungile (–) | Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (eYurophu) |
Green | Indawo yokuphepha | Green |
Bare | Umhlabathi ongafakiwe | N / A |
White | I-conductor ephansi noma engathathi hlangothi | N / A |
Gray | I-conductor ephansi noma engathathi hlangothi | N / A |
Mhlophe/Mpunga | Ukubuyisela/okuvamile kumasistimu aphansi kagesi | N / A |
Imithetho yemboni ikusiza ukuthi ukhethe imibala yejakhethi yocingo efanele yamandla e-DC. Ungabona lawa makhodi kuthebula elingezansi:
Ikhodi Yemibala | Incazelo |
|---|---|
Black | I-ungrounded at line voltage (120, 240, 480) |
Red | I-AC engasekelwe phansi ngaphansi kwe-voltage yomugqa |
Blue | Ukulawulwa kwe-DC okungasekelwe phansi |
Yellow | Ama-conductor angenasisekelo ahlala evuliwe |
iwolintshi | Ama-conductor angenasisekelo ahlala evuliwe |
Green | I-conductor yokugawula (imigqa ephuzi ngokuzikhethela) |
Mhlophe/Mpunga | Ikhondatha ye-AC ephansi (imigqa ngokuzikhethela) |
Imigqa emhlophe nge-blue | Isekhethi ye-Grounded DC |
Ithiphu: Njalo hlola amakhodi ombala ngaphambi kokuxhuma izintambo ze-DC. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ugweme amaphutha futhi kugcine isistimu yakho iphephile.
Idatha kanye ne-Ethernet Cable Color Codes
Izintambo zedatha zinamakhodi azo anombala. Ubona lezi zintambo kumakhompyutha, amafoni, namanethiwekhi. Imibala ikusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi iyiphi intambo ethumela noma ethola idatha. Amazinga we-T568A kanye ne-T568B akukhombisa ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani le mibala.
Nali itafula eline Amakhodi ombala we-T568A kanye ne-T568B ngezintambo ze-Ethernet:
Inombolo yePin | Ikhodi yombala ye-T568A | Ikhodi yombala ye-T568B | Isignali | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mhlophe / Luhlaza | Okumhlophe/Okuwolintshi | Dlulisa + (Tx +) | Ithumela idatha |
2 | Green | iwolintshi | Dlulisa – (Tx -) | Ithumela idatha |
3 | Okumhlophe/Okuwolintshi | Mhlophe / Luhlaza | Thola + (Rx +) | Ithola idatha |
4 | Blue | Blue | Engasetshenzisiwe/PoE | Isetshenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
5 | Okumhlophe / okwesibhakabhaka | Okumhlophe / okwesibhakabhaka | Engasetshenzisiwe/PoE | Isetshenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
6 | iwolintshi | Green | Yamukela – (Rx -) | Ithola idatha |
7 | Emhlophe/Ensundu | Emhlophe/Ensundu | Engasetshenzisiwe/PoE | Isetshenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
8 | Brown | Brown | Engasetshenzisiwe/PoE | Isetshenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
Usebenzisa lawa mazinga ukuze izintambo zakho zisebenze nawo wonke amadivayisi. Ukubhala amakhodi kuzintambo zedatha kukusiza ukuthi ulungise izinkinga ngokushesha. Ungathola ikhebula elifanele ngokushesha futhi wenze izinguquko ngaphandle kwamaphutha.
Izinga le-ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-B likusiza ukuthi usebenzise amakhodi ombala afanayo yonke indawo.
Izimboni ezahlukene zisebenzisa imibala ehlukene, ngakho-ke hlola njalo imithetho yenkampani yakho.
Ukufaka amakhodi kombala kukusiza ukuthi uthole izintambo ngokushesha ezimeni eziphuthumayo.
Qaphela: Ukusebenzisa imibala yejakhethi yocingo elungile kukusiza ukuthi ugcine inethiwekhi yakho iphephile futhi kulula ukuyiphatha.
Izintambo ze-AC, DC, nedatha zisebenzisa amakhodi anemibala ehlukene. Uhlelo ngalunye lunemithetho yalo. Kufanele ufunde lawa makhodi ukuze usebenze ngokuphepha futhi ulandele imithetho. Uma usebenzisa umbala ofanele, uyazivikela wena kanye nemishini yakho.
Imibala Yangokwezifiso Nezicelo Ezikhethekile
Lapho Imibala Yangokwezifiso Isetshenziswa
Ngezinye izikhathi, izintambo ziba nemibala yejakhethi yocingo ekhethekile. Le mibala ikusiza ukuthi ugcine izintambo zicocekile futhi kulula ukuzithola. Ukusebenzisa imibala yangokwezifiso kwenza ikhebula ngalinye libukeke lihlukile. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile. Ukubhala amakhodi ngokwezifiso kubalulekile kumasistimu amakhulu. Kudingeka futhi uma kufanele ulandele imithetho ekhethekile. Kufanele uhlole imithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokukhetha umbala. E-US, umbala ungasho into eyodwa. EYurophu noma e-Asia, kungase kusho enye into. Hlala ubheka imithetho yendawo yangakini. Ungafunda kabanzi ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Benza amaqembu amakhebula amakhulu aphephe.
Imithetho yendawo ingashintsha ukuthi imibala isho ukuthini.
Iya ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables ukuze uthole imininingwane.
Ukuhumusha Imibala Engajwayelekile
Ezinye izinkampani zisebenzisa eyazo imibala yejakhethi yocingo. Le mibala ayihlali ifana nejwayelekile. Kufanele usebenzise umbala ofanayo emsebenzini ofanayo kumakhebuli akho. Lokhu kwenza ukulungisa nokuhlola izintambo kube lula. Izindawo ezihlukene nemisebenzi ingase isebenzise imibala ehlukene. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi ochwepheshe bayibheka kanjani imibala engajwayelekile:
Umthombo | Amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo |
|---|---|
I-Romtronic | Imibala engajwayelekile ishintsha ngomsebenzi nendawo; imithetho ikhona kodwa ayiqinile. |
Ibhulogi ye-CWS | Ukusebenzisa umbala ofanayo njalo kukusiza ukuthi ulungise izintambo. |
Sebenzisa umbala ofanayo emsebenzini ofanayo kumakhebuli akho.
Imithetho yemibala ingahluka kwezinye izindawo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemibala engajwayelekile ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Izidingo Zombala Othize Wemboni
Eminye imisebenzi idinga imibala yejakhethi yocingo ekhethekile. Amaqembu enza imithetho akutshela ukuthi yimiphi imibala okufanele uyisebenzise. Le mibala ikusiza ukuthi uhlale uphephile futhi ulandele umthetho. Ubona imibala efana okubomvu, okuwolintshi, nokuphuzi ngenxa yengozi, isixwayiso, kanye nokuqapha. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi le mibala isho ukuthini:
Isigaba sombala | Ikhodi Yemibala | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|
Ingozi | Red | Ikhombisa ukuthi kunengozi enkulu futhi kufanele uqaphele. |
Isexwayiso | iwolintshi | Ikutshela ukuthi kunengozi ebucayi kodwa hhayi njengamanje. |
Qaphela | Yellow | Kusho ukuthi kufanele uqaphele izingozi ezingaba khona. |
Izingozi Eziphilayo | I-Fluorescent Orange | Isetshenziselwa ama-biohazards kanye nezingozi ezikhethekile. |
Udinga ukusebenzisa le mibala ukuze udlule amasheke futhi ugcine izintambo ziphephile. Ungafunda kabanzi ngale mithetho kokuthi https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Ithiphu: Hlala ubheka imithetho emisha ngaphambi kokuthi usebenze ngamakhebuli. Ukulandela imithetho yemibala kukusiza ukuthi ugweme amaphutha futhi kukugcina uphephile. Ukuze uthole amathiphu engeziwe, vakashela https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Ugcina izintambo ziphephile ngokwazi amakhodi ombala. Kufanele ulandele imithetho efanele yezintambo. Sebenzisa ikhebula izibopho, imikhono, namalebula okugcina izintambo zicocekile. Njalo hlola imithetho ngaphambi kokuthi uqale. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi imithetho ikusiza kanjani ukuthi usebenze ngezintambo futhi umise amaphutha.
Incazelo yobufakazi | Zuza |
|---|---|
I-ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-B ejwayelekile inikeza indlela ecacile yokuqamba izintambo zenethiwekhi ngalokho abakwenzayo. | Kwenza ukusetha amakhebuli kube lula futhi kukusiza ukuthi ulungise izinkinga ngokushesha. Kuphinde kuvimbe abantu ukuthi badideke. |
Imithetho yemibala isiza ukugcina ukuhleleka ezindaweni ezinezintambo eziningi. | Zikusiza ukuthi ugcine izintambo zisendaweni efanele futhi zivimbele abantu ukuthi bangazixhumi ezingalungile. |
Ukusebenzisa amakhodi anemibala afanayo kumisa amalebula angalungile. | Ikusiza ukuthi unakekele izintambo isikhathi eside futhi yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ungakwazi ukwengeza izintambo eziningi kamuva ngaphandle kwenkinga. |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Isho ukuthini imibala yejakhethi yocingo ezintanjeni?
Imibala yejakhethi yocingo ikubonisa inhloso yekhebula. Ungakwazi ukubona izintambo eziphansi, ezingathathi hlangothi, noma ezibukhoma ngokushesha. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi usebenze ngokuphepha.
Ungakwazi ukusebenzisa noma yimuphi umbala kuzintambo zakho?
Kufanele ulandele imithetho nezindinganiso zendawo. Imibala yangokwezifiso isiza ukuhlela amakhebuli, kodwa kufanele uhlole amakhodi okuphepha kuqala.
Kungani izintambo zenethiwekhi zinamakhodi anemibala ehlukene?
Imibala yekhebula lenethiwekhi ikusiza ukuthi uthole ukuxhumana ngokushesha. Ubona amazinga afana ne-T568A/B. Lawa makhodi agcina inethiwekhi yakho iphephile futhi kulula ukuyiphatha.
