Usebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi nsuku zonke, njengekhompyutha yakho, ifoni yakho, noma imoto yakho. Izishayeli zedivayisi zisebenza njengabahumushi. Basiza isistimu yakho yokusebenza ukukhuluma nedivayisi ngayinye. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kusebenza kahle. Uma umshayeli wedivayisi usebenza kahle, idivayisi yakho ihlala ishesha futhi iphephile. Isofthiwe enhle ingamisa izinkinga. Kufana nezinhlelo zokuxwayisa ezimotweni ezisiza abashayeli ukuthi banake futhi bahlale bephephile. Udinga izishayeli zedivayisi ukuze ugcine idivayisi ngayinye isebenza ngendlela okufanele isebenze ngayo.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Izishayeli zedivayisi zisebenza njengabahumushi bekhompuyutha yakho nehadiwe. Bona siza ikhompuyutha yakho namadivayisi baxoxe bodwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kusebenza kahle ngokubambisana.
Ukubuyekeza izishayeli zedivayisi yakho ngokuvamile kungalungisa izinkinga. Ingakwazi futhi yenza ikhompuyutha yakho isheshe. Izibuyekezo zisiza ukugcina ikhompuyutha yakho iphephile kubageli.
Uma ungenawo abashayeli abalungile, amadivayisi akho angase angasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungabangela ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi ingasheshi noma iphahlazeke.
Ukuvikeleka kubaluleke kakhulu. Abashayeli abangalungile bangavumela abaduni bahlasele ikhompuyutha yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa abashayeli abaphephile nabasesikhathini samanje.
Hlola abashayeli abasha uma ungeza izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezintsha. Bheka futhi uma unezinkinga. Lokhu kusiza ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono.
Uhlolojikelele LweDrayivu Yedivayisi
Iyini Idrayivu Yedivayisi
Usebenzisa amadivayisi amaningi nsuku zonke, njengamakhibhodi namaphrinta. Idivayisi ngayinye kufanele ikhulume nesistimu yokusebenza yekhompyutha yakho. Umshayeli wedivayisi isofthiwe ekhethekile kudivayisi eyodwa yehadiwe. Le softhiwe isiza ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi isebenzise izici zedivayisi. Isebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwekhompyutha yakho kanye nedivayisi. Izishayeli zedivayisi zisiza ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi ithumele futhi ithole amasignali kudivayisi ngayinye.
Izishayeli zedivayisi zime phakathi kwekhompyutha yakho nehadiwe yayo. Abonisa ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani idivayisi ngayinye. Ungacabanga ngabo njengabahumushi. Bathatha lokho okushiwo ikhompuyutha yakho futhi bakushintshele ihadiwe.
Vumela isistimu yokusebenza ikhulume namadivayisi wehadiwe.
Shintsha imiyalo esuka ku-OS ibe imiyalelo yedivayisi.
Nikeza i-OS indlela elula yokusebenzisa ihadiwe ezahlukene.
Izishayeli zedivayisi zifihla imininingwane yehadiwe. Lokhu kuvumela isistimu yokusebenza ukuthi isebenzise imiyalo efanayo kuwo wonke amadivayisi.
Kungani Abashayeli Bedivayisi Bebalulekile
Udinga izishayeli zedivayisi ezintweni eziningi ezibalulekile. Ngaphandle kwezishayeli ezifanele, amadivayisi akho angase angasebenzi. Abashayeli abangalungile noma abalahlekile bangabangela izinkinga. Ungase ubone amadivayisi angabonisi, i-inthanethi ehamba kancane, noma izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha eziphukile. Isibonelo, ungase uxhume isilawuli futhi singasebenzi. Eyakho I-inthanethi ye-PC ingase ihambe kancane kuyilapho ezinye izisetshenziswa zilungile. Kwesinye isikhathi, isikrini sakho siba mnyama uma umshayeli wesibonisi ehluleka.
Incazelo Yenkinga | Umthombo |
|---|---|
Amadivayisi angaziwa | I-DriverSupport inikeza usizo lwehadiwe kanye nezibuyekezo zomshayeli. |
Ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okunensa | Abasebenzisi bathi i-inthanethi ye-PC yabo ihamba kancane kakhulu kunamanye amadivaysi. |
Ihadiwe engasebenzi kahle | Izinkinga ezifana namaphutha omshayeli wokubonisa nokuphahlazeka kwenzeka kaningi. |
Izishayeli zedivayisi zisiza futhi ukugcina ikhompuyutha yakho iphephile. Abanye abashayeli bangaba nezindawo ezibuthakathaka ezisetshenziswa abaduni. Laba bashayeli ababuthakathaka bangavumela othile ukuthi alawule idivayisi yakho. Abanye abashayeli bavumela abantu ukuthi bangene ngaphandle kwemvume noma basule amafayela abalulekile. Lokhu kungamisa ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi iqale. Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha bathole abashayeli abaningi abangaba izigebengu ukuze bathole amandla engeziwe noma bavale amathuluzi okuphepha.
Umshayeli Osengozini | Incazelo yokuba sengozini |
|---|---|
I-AODDriver.sys | Ivumela abantu ukuthi bangene futhi balawule idivayisi ngaphandle kwemvume. |
stdcdrv64.sys | Ingasula amafayela abalulekile, ukuze ikhompuyutha ingaqali. |
Abashayeli Abaningi | Abaduni bangasebenzisa lezi ukuze bathole amandla engeziwe futhi bavale amathuluzi okuphepha. |
Lokhu kungavumela abaduni balawule yonke idivayisi. | |
Abashayeli Abayisithupha | Vumela abaduni bangene enkumbulweni futhi bathole amandla engeziwe. |
Abashayeli Abayishumi Nambili | Abaduni bangasebenzisa lezi ukuze baphule amathuluzi okuphepha. |
Udinga izishayeli zedivayisi ukuze ikhompuyutha yakho isebenze kahle futhi ihlale iphephile. Basiza ikhompuyutha yakho ukusebenzisa zonke izingxenye zedivayisi yakho. Uma ugcina abashayeli bakho benolwazi, umisa izinkinga futhi ugcine ikhompuyutha yakho iphephile. Izishayeli zedivayisi zisiza ihadiwe yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu.
Izishayeli Zedivayisi Kuzinhlelo
Amasistimu Okuhloswe Okujwayelekile
Usebenzisa amasistimu enhloso ejwayelekile njengamakhompyutha aphathekayo namathebulethi nsuku zonke. Lawa masistimu adinga izishayeli zedivayisi ukusiza isistimu yokusebenza ikhulume nehadiwe. Ungase uxhume iphrinta, igundane, noma ikhamera. Ngamunye udinga umshayeli wakhe ukuze asebenze kahle. Abashayeli kulezi zinhlelo benza imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Basebenza ne-kernel, okuyingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokusebenza. Lokhu kwenza abashayeli kube nzima ukwakha nokusebenzisa.
Amasistimu enhloso ejwayelekile adinga abashayeli abasebenza ngamadivaysi amaningi. Ngokuvamile uthola izibuyekezo zalaba bashayeli. Izibuyekezo zigcina isistimu yakho ishesha futhi iphephile. Uma weqa izibuyekezo, idivayisi yakho ingase yehlise ijubane noma ime. Abashayeli abadala bangavumela uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ukuthi luhlasele isistimu yakho. Abenzi bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha bathumela izibuyekezo ukuze balungise izinkinga futhi bakugcine uphephile. Kufanele uhlole abashayeli abasha ukuze ugcine izinto zisebenza kahle.
Ithiphu: Hlala ubuyekeza izishayeli zedivayisi yakho. Lokhu kugcina ikhompuyutha yakho iphephile futhi isebenza kangcono.
Izinhlelo ezifakiwe
Uthola amasistimu ashumekiwe kuma-smartwatches, ezimotweni, nakumagajethi asekhaya. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa izishayeli zedivayisi ngendlela ekhethekile. Kumasistimu amaningi ashumekiwe, abashayeli bakhuluma ngqo nesoftware yohlelo lokusebenza. Abazidingi njalo isistimu yokusebenza egcwele. Lokhu kwenza abashayeli babe lula futhi basheshe. Uthola ukulawula okwengeziwe ku-hardware, okubalulekile kumadivayisi asheshayo.
Amasistimu ashumekiwe anemikhawulo njengememori encane noma ama-chips ahamba kancane. Abashayeli kumele basebenzise izinsiza ezimbalwa ukuze basebenze kahle. Uma kungenjalo, idivayisi yakho inganciphisa noma ime. Ngokwesibonelo, umshayeli onensayo kokugqokekayo angase angabali izinyathelo zakho ngendlela efanele. Udinga ukwenza ikhodi ibe ngcono futhi usebenzise izingxenye ezonga amandla.
Abashayeli bedivayisi kumasistimu ashumekiwe kufanele baphathe idatha eningi.
Ukwenza laba bashayeli kuthatha isikhathi esiningi namakhono akhethekile.
Kufanele ubuke inkumbulo namandla okumisa izinkinga.
Ukwenza izishayeli zamasistimu ashumekiwe akufani nezinhlelo zenhloso evamile. Ugxila ekulawuleni izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziqondile nokonga izinsiza. Lokhu kusiza idivayisi yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono futhi ihlale isikhathi eside.
Ukuphepha kokuthi Amashayeli Edivayisi
Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abashayeli bedivayisi. Abaduni babheka izindawo ezibuthakathaka kubashayeli ukuze bahlasele idivayisi yakho. Kufanele usebenzise ukuvikeleka okuqinile ukuze uvikele isistimu yakho. Ezinye zezindlela ezinhle zokugcina abashayeli bephephile yilezi:
Isici Sokuphepha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
Amasiginesha edijithali | Abashayeli kufanele basayinwe ukukhombisa ukuthi bangempela futhi baphephile. |
Ukuqapha Abashayeli Abasengozini | Kufanele uhlole abashayeli abanezinkinga futhi uzilungise ngokushesha. |
Ukusebenzisa i-Blocklists | Uhlu oluvimbayo luvimba isistimu yakho ekusebenziseni abashayeli abangaphephile. |
Izimboni eziningi zinemithetho eqinile yokuphepha komshayeli wedivayisi. Isibonelo, izimoto kufanele zilandele Imithetho efana ne-UN Regulations 155 kanye ne-156. Le mithetho yenza abenzi bezimoto baphathe izibuyekezo futhi bagcine amasistimu ephephile. Eminye imithetho, njenge-ISO/SAE 21434, isiza izinkampani ukuphatha ubungozi be-inthanethi ezimotweni. Amazwe afana ne-China, India, kanye ne-United States anemithetho yawo yokushayela idivayisi ephephile.
Kufanele ukhathalele ukuphepha lapho usebenzisa noma wenza izishayeli zedivayisi. Ukuvikeleka okuhle kugcina idivayisi yakho iphephile futhi isebenza kahle. Uma uziba ukuphepha, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingathatha noma ziphule idivayisi yakho.
Izinhlobo Zabashayeli
Main Driver Izigaba
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezishayeli zedivayisi kukhompuyutha yakho. Ngamunye unomsebenzi okhethekile okufanele awenze. Abanye abashayeli basebenza ngamadivaysi amaningi. Abanye basebenza ngomshini owodwa kuphela. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izinhlobo eziyinhloko zabashayeli:
Isigaba | Umsebenzi | Isibonelo |
|---|---|---|
Abashayeli bephrinta | Shintsha idatha isuka kuzinhlelo zokusebenza iye kwifomethi yephrinta | HP universal print driver |
Bonisa abashayeli | Siza i-OS ikhulume nehadiwe yezithombe | Abashayeli be-NVIDIA GeForce |
Abashayeli benethiwekhi | Vumela i-OS ukuthi ixhume ku-hardware yenethiwekhi | Isoftware ye-Intel PROSet/Wireless |
Abashayeli bomsindo | Vumela i-OS ukuthi isebenzise ihadiwe yomsindo | Incazelo yomsindo weRealtek High |
Izishayeli zedivayisi yesitoreji | Nikeza ukufinyelela kumadivayisi esitoreji | I-Samsung NVMe Driver |
Izishayeli zedivayisi yokufaka | Sebenza ngamakhibhodi, amagundane, namanye amadivayisi okufaka | Isoftware ye-Logitech Options |
Abashayeli bekhamera | Lawula ama-webcam namanye amadivaysi ezithombe | I-Microsoft LifeCam Driver |
Abashayeli be-peripheral | Yenza ihadiwe yangaphandle njengamahedisethi e-VR asebenze | Umshayeli we-Oculus Rift |
Ungathola nezinye izinhlobo zabashayeli, njenge:
Abashayeli abajwayelekile: Sebenza ngemikhiqizo eminingi yamadivayisi.
Izishayeli zedivayisi ethile: Sebenza ngedivayisi eyodwa noma imodeli.
Abashayeli be-Kernel: Gijima ujule ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokusebenza.
Abashayeli bemodi yomsebenzisi: Gijima ngaphandle kwengqikithi, eqalwe ngabasebenzisi.
Abashayeli bezinhlamvu: Nikeza ukufinyelela okuqondile kuhadiwe.
Vimbela abashayeli: Nikeza ukufinyelela okuhleliwe, ikakhulukazi okokugcina.
OEM abashayeli: Kwenziwe inkampani eyakha i-hardware.
Abashayeli bekilasi: Sebenza neqembu lamadivayisi afanayo.
Abashayeli bemithombo evulekile: Yenziwe umphakathi, ngokuvamile i-Linux.
Abashayeli ababonakalayo: Zenze ihadiwe yokuhlola noma ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile.
Qaphela: Abashayeli bemithombo evulekile basetshenziswa kakhulu ku-Linux. Amafoni amaningi e-Android nawo asebenzisa lezi zishayeli. Abashayeli bobunikazi bangaba nemikhawulo eyengeziwe kanye nezinkinga zokuphepha.
I-Hardware Edinga Abashayeli
Amadivayisi amaningi owasebenzisa nsuku zonke adinga abashayeli ukuthi basebenze. Amanye amadivaysi ngeke asebenze nhlobo ngaphandle komshayeli ofanele. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zehadiwe ezidinga izishayeli zedivayisi:
Uhlobo lwe-Hardware | Incazelo |
|---|---|
Amadivayisi wokufaka | Amagundane namakhibhodi adinga abashayeli ukuze i-OS ikwazi ukuwasebenzisa. |
Amadivayisi wokukhipha | Abaqaphi badinga abashayeli ukuze babonise izithombe namavidiyo. |
Izinhlelo Zokugcina | Ama-hard drive namadrayivu e-USB adinga abashayeli ukuze balondoloze futhi bafunde idatha. |
Ama-Digital Camera | Amakhamera adinga abashayeli ukuthumela izithombe kukhompuyutha yakho. |
I-Kernel Device Drivers | Amabhodi omama namaphrosesa asebenzisa lokhu ukuze asebenze ne-OS. |
Abashayeli Bedivayisi Yemodi Yomsebenzisi | Abashayeli obaqalayo phakathi neseshini yakho, njengamaphrinta noma izikena. |
Izishayeli Zedivayisi Yezinhlamvu | Nikeza ukufinyelela okuqondile kuzingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, njengezimbobo ze-serial. |
Vimba Abashayeli Bedivayisi | Isetshenziselwa amadivayisi agcina idatha kumabhulokhi, njengama-hard drive. |
OEM Abashayeli | Siza i-OS yakho ikhulume nehardware ekhethekile evela kumenzi. |
Uzothola izishayeli zedivayisi cishe kuzo zonke izisetshenziswa ozisebenzisayo. Ukwenza izishayeli ezintsha kusiza izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezintsha zisebenze ngekhompyutha yakho. Uma uthola idivayisi entsha, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufake umshayeli. Uma ungenawo abashayeli abalungile, amadivayisi akho angase angasebenzi.
Ithiphu: Njalo hlola ukuthi ihadiwe yakho entsha idinga umshayeli ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
Ukuvuselelwa Komshayeli
Kungani Izibuyekezo Zibalulekile
Izishayeli zedivayisi zisiza idivayisi yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle. Izibuyekezo zivumela idivayisi yakho ukuthi isebenzise izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezintsha nesofthiwe. Uma ubuyekeza abashayeli, ulungisa iziphazamisi futhi uthole izici ezintsha. Izinkampani zikhipha izibuyekezo zokulungisa ukuphahlazeka nesivinini esinensayo. Bangeza nezici ezingekho. Uma ungabuyekezi, idivayisi yakho ingase imiswe yiqhwa noma iphahlazeke. Ingase ingasebenzi nezinhlelo ezintsha.
Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuthi udinge izibuyekezo zomshayeli:
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zingamiswa noma zisaphazeke.
Isistimu yakho ingase yehlise ijubane noma ingasebenzi kahle.
Isofthiwe ingase ingasebenzi ndawonye.
Ungase ube nezinkinga zokuphepha.
Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zingayeka ukusebenza.
Ungase uphuthelwe izici ezintsha.
Uyabona ukuthi amasistimu amakhulu wokusebenza athola kangaki izibuyekezo kuleli thebula:
Uhlobo Lokuvuselela | Incazelo Yemvamisa |
|---|---|
Izibuyekezo zokuphepha | Ikhishwe njengoba kudingeka ukuze kubhekwane nobuthakathaka |
Ukuvuselelwa kwesici | Ivamise ukukhishwa kabili ngonyaka |
Izibuyekezo zekhwalithi | Ikhishwa nyanga zonke njengengxenye ye-'Patch Tuesday' |
Izibuyekezo zomshayeli | Ikhishwe njengoba kudingeka ekusebenzisaneni nokulungiswa kweziphazamisi |
Ithiphu: Hlola izibuyekezo ezintsha zomshayeli uma ungeza izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha noma ubona izinkinga.
Ukuphepha nokusebenza
Abashayeli abadala bangabangela izinkinga eziningi. Ikhompyutha yakho ingase isebenze kancane noma iphahlazeke. Ezinye izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zingase zingasebenzi kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi, isoftware entsha ngeke isebenze. Abaduni bangasebenzisa abashayeli abadala ukuze bahlasele futhi bantshontshe idatha. I-FBI ithi abashayeli abadala kumishini yezokwelapha bangaba yingozi ezigulini.
Ukuphahlazeka kungenzeka uma abashayeli bengafani nesofthiwe entsha.
Abaduni bangasebenzisa izindawo ezibuthakathaka kubashayeli abadala ukuze bangene.
"Ukungabuyekezi isofthiwe kungashiya izindawo ezibuthakathaka ohlelweni lwakho. Lena inkinga enkulu ezindaweni ezinama-software amaningi. Isofthiwe endala inezinkinga ezaziwayo. Abagebengu bathanda ukuhlasela lezi zindawo ezibuthakathaka."
Ukubuyekeza abashayeli kungenza idivayisi yakho isheshe. Abashayeli bamakhadi amasha evidiyo bangasiza imidlalo namavidiyo asebenze kangcono. Izibuyekezo zisiza idivayisi yakho ukuthi isebenze ngehadiwe entsha nesofthiwe. Ukuze ugcine idivayisi yakho isebenza kahle, buyekeza abashayeli bakho. Abakhiqizi abahle babashayeli banikeza izibuyekezo zokuphepha nesivinini. Njalo sebenzisa izishayeli ezintsha zehadiwe yakho.
Udinga izishayeli zedivayisi ukuze ikhompuyutha yakho namadivayisi kusebenze ndawonye. Umshayeli wedivayisi uvumela isistimu yakho yokusebenza ukuthi ikhulume nezinto ezifana namaphrinta noma amakhamera. Laba bashayeli benza njengebhuloho. Basiza idivayisi yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle. Kumele buyekeza abashayeli njalo. Lokhu kusiza ukulungisa izinkinga futhi kukugcina uphephile.
Abashayeli bedivayisi benza isiqiniseko sokuthi amadivayisi akho ayasebenza futhi ahlala ephephile.
Izishayeli zedivayisi ye-Kernel zisiza isistimu yakho ukuthi ikhulume nehadiwe.
Izibuyekezo zigcina idivayisi yakho iphephile futhi zengeze izinto ezintsha.
Umkhuba Ohamba phambili | Incazelo |
|---|---|
Faka kuphela i abashayeli abahambisanayo abafanelana kakhulu | Khetha umshayeli ofanele kudivayisi ngayinye ukuze umise izinkinga. |
Yiba matasa. Bheka izibuyekezo futhi usebenzise abashayeli abangcono kakhulu kuwo wonke amadivayisi akho.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kwenzekani uma ufaka umshayeli wedivayisi ongalungile?
Ungase ubone amaphutha noma idivayisi yakho ingase ingasebenzi. Kwesinye isikhathi, ikhompuyutha yakho ingase imiswe yiqhwa noma iphahlazeke. Njalo hlola ukuthi umshayeli ufana nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zakho ngaphambi kokuwufaka.
Ingabe udinga ukubuyekeza izishayeli zamadivayisi we-peripheral?
Kufanele ubuyekeze abashayeli bemishini yocingo ukuze uwagcine esebenza kahle. Izibuyekezo zingalungisa iziphazamisi futhi zengeze izici ezintsha. Lokhu kusiza ikhompuyutha yakho ukuthi ihlale iphephile futhi ishesha.
Wazi kanjani uma i-peripheral idinga umshayeli?
Ama-peripheral amaningi afika ne-CD noma isixhumanisi sokulanda sabashayeli. Uma idivayisi yakho ingasebenzi ngemva kokuyixhuma, ungase udinge ukufaka umshayeli.
Ithiphu: Hlola iwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi umshayeli wakamuva weperipheral yakho.
Ingabe abashayeli abaphelelwe yisikhathi bangabangela izingozi zokuphepha?
Yebo, abashayeli abaphelelwe yisikhathi bangaba nezindawo ezibuthakathaka. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingasebenzisa lezi ukuhlasela ikhompuyutha yakho. Kufanele ubuyekeze abashayeli njalo ukuze uvikele isistimu yakho.
Ingabe kuphephile ukusebenzisa abashayeli bomthombo ovulekile?
Abashayeli bomthombo ovulekile baphephile uma uwathola emithonjeni ethembekile. Abantu abaningi bawasebenzisela amasistimu e-Linux. Njalo hlola ukubuyekezwa nezibuyekezo ngaphambi kokufaka noma yimuphi umshayeli.
