Ubona iintambo ezinemibala emininzi yebhatyi yocingo. Le mibala ikunceda wazi ukuba intambo nganye yenza ntoni. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukuba eminye imibala ithetha ntoni:
umbala | isicelo |
|---|---|
orenji | Ukupheliswa kwe-ofisi ephakathi |
Luhlaza | Ukupheliswa koqhagamshelo lwabathengi |
Mfusa | I-LAN, i-PBX, okanye ukupheliswa kwentambo yekhompyutha |
Mhlophe | Ukupheliswa konxibelelwano lomnxeba kwinqanaba lokuqala |
Ngwevu | Ukupheliswa konxibelelwano lomnxeba kwinqanaba lesibini |
Luhlaza | Ukupheliswa kwentambo yegumbi lezixhobo |
Bomvu | Ukupheliswa kwenkqubo yefowuni engundoqo |
Ukufakwa kombala kwiintambo inceda ukugcina abantu bekhuselekile. Ikwakunceda ukuba ulandele imithetho. Unokumisa iingozi kwaye ulungise iintambo ngokukhawuleza. Iikhowudi zemibala zahlukile kwi-AC, DC, kunye neentambo zedatha. Imigangatho efana ne-T568A kunye ne-T568B ibonisa indlela yokusebenzisa imibala kwiintambo zenethiwekhi. Ngamanye amaxesha, imisebenzi ekhethekileyo isebenzisa imibala eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ufuna ulwazi oluninzi, yiya ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
Imibala yebhatyi yocingo ibonisa ukuba intambo nganye yeyantoni. Oku kukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile kwaye usebenze kakuhle.
Ukusebenzisa iikhowudi zombala ezifanelekileyo kwi-AC, DC, kunye neentambo zedatha kubaluleke kakhulu. Inceda ukumisa iingozi kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iintambo ziqhagamshela ngendlela eyiyo.
Imibala eqhelekileyo inokwenza iintambo zibe lula ukuhlenga-hlengiswa. Kodwa kufuneka uhlale ujonga imigaqo yendawo ukugcina izinto zikhuselekile kwaye ulandele umthetho.
IMibala yeBhatyi yeeNcingo eziqhelekileyo kwiiCables
ukwazi imibala ibhatyi yocingo ikunceda uhlale ukhuselekile. Ikwakunceda ukuba usebenze ngokukhawuleza ngeentambo. Uyibona le mibala kwiintambo zombane nezenethiwekhi. Umbala ngamnye ulandela imithetho kwaye ubonisa ukuba intambo yenza ntoni. Makhe sibone indlela imibala esetyenziswa ngayo kwiintambo ezahlukeneyo.
Imibala yocingo oluqhelekileyo loMbane
Iintambo zombane zinemibala emininzi yebhatyi yocingo. Le mibala ikunceda ukuba wazi ukuba ucingo ngalunye lwenzani. IKhowudi yeSizwe yoMbane (NEC) ibeka imithetho yokhuseleko kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula. Nantsi itheyibhile ebonisa ukuba umbala ngamnye uthetha ntoni:
umbala | meaning |
|---|---|
orenji | Indawo yomiselo yokupheliswa kwe-ofisi esembindini |
Luhlaza | Ukupheliswa koqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi kwicala labathengi bendawo yokucanda |
Mfusa | Ukupheliswa kweentambo kwizixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezinjengeeLAN, iiPBX, iikhompyuter, okanye ii-multiplexers |
Mhlophe | Inqanaba lokuqala le-backbone ye-telecommunications media ukupheliswa kwi-main cross-connect building |
Ngwevu | Inqanaba lesibini le-backbone ye-telecommunications media ukupheliswa kwisakhiwo esingundoqo esidibanisayo |
Luhlaza | Ukupheliswa kwemidiya yonxibelelwano kwigumbi lezixhobo ekupheleni kwentambo |
Bomvu | Ukupheliswa kweenkqubo zemfonomfono eziphambili kumbutho |
Uyabona le mithetho yemibala kumakhaya nakumashishini:
Iingcingo eziluhlaza okanye ezingenanto zithetha ukubeka phantsi.
Iingcingo ezimhlophe okanye ezingwevu zingathathi hlangothi.
Iingcingo ezimnyama, ezibomvu, okanye ezibhlowu zishushu okanye ziyaphila.
I-NEC ithi kufuneka ulandele le mithetho yemibala. Oku kukugcina ukhuselekile kwaye kukunceda ukuba ungenzi iimpazamo.
IiKhowudi zeMbala yeCable yeNethiwekhi (i-Ethernet, iPatch, iCrossover)
Iintambo zenethiwekhi zisebenzisa eminye imithetho yemibala. Ubona iintambo ze-ethernet ezingwevu, eziluhlaza, eziblowu, ezityheli, eziorenji, ezimfusa, ezimnyama, ezipinki, ezibomvu namhlophe. Umbala ngamnye unokuthetha into eyahlukileyo. Nantsi itafile ebonisa ukuba umbala ngamnye uthetha ntoni:
umbala | itheko |
|---|---|
Ngwevu | Uqhagamshelo lwe-ethernet olusemgangathweni |
Luhlaza | Uqhagamshelo lwe-ethernet yeCrossover |
Lubhelu | Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (POE) |
orenji | I-Analog Non-Ethernet |
Mfusa | Digital Non-Ethernet |
Luhlaza | Uqhagamshelwano lweseva yesiphelo |
Bomvu | Iikhamera ze-IP |
Mnyama | Umbala owongezelelweyo we-ethernet jikelele |
pinki | Umbala owongezelelweyo we-ethernet jikelele |
Mhlophe | Umbala owongezelelweyo we-ethernet jikelele |
Iintambo ezingwevu zisetyenziswa kunxibelelwano oluninzi lwenethiwekhi. Iintambo eziluhlaza zezonxibelelwano lwe-crossover. Iintambo eziBlue ziqhagamshela kwiiseva zetheminali. Iintambo ezityheli zezaMandla phezu kwe-Ethernet. Iintambo ezibomvu ziqhagamshela kwiikhamera ze-IP. Eminye imibala efana nomnyama, ipinki, kunye nomhlophe ikunceda ulungelelanise inethiwekhi yakho.
Ingcebiso: Soloko ujonga imithetho yenkampani yakho phambi kokuchola imibala yentambo ye-ethernet. Ezinye iindawo zisebenzisa iikhowudi zemibala ezikhethekileyo kwimisebenzi ethile.
Oko Umele Umbala Ngamnye
Kufuneka wazi ukuba umbala ngamnye uthetha ntoni kwiintambo zombane kunye nenethiwekhi. Oku kukunceda ukuba ulandele imithetho yokhuseleko kwaye usebenze ngokukhawuleza. Nasi isikhokelo esikhawulezayo:
Luhlaza okanye luze: Ukugawula kwiintambo zombane.
Imhlophe okanye ingwevu: Iphakathi kwiintambo zombane.
Mnyama, obomvu, oblowu: Iingcingo ezishushu okanye eziphilayo kwiintambo zombane.
Grey: Intambo ye-ethernet eqhelekileyo.
Luhlaza: Intambo ye-ethernet yeCrossover.
Bulu: Uqhagamshelwano lweseva yesiphelo.
Mthubi: Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet.
Ubomvu: Uqhagamshelwano lwekhamera ye-IP.
Purple: Digital non-ethernet cable.
I-Orenji: Intambo ye-analog engeyo-ethernet.
Mnyama, pink, mhlophe: Iinketho zentambo ye-ethernet ngokubanzi.
Imithetho yombala yenza kube lula ukwazi ukuba intambo nganye yenzani. Ukulandela le migaqo kukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile kwaye ugcine umsebenzi wakho ucocekile. Ikhowudi yombala ibalulekile ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye kulula Ulawulo lwentambo.
Iikhowudi zoMbala weCable ye-AC, DC, kunye neDatha
Iintambo zinemibala emininzi yebhatyi yocingo. Le mibala ikunceda ukuba usebenzise iintambo ngokukhuselekileyo. Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba iikhowudi zemibala zisebenza njani kwi-AC, DC, kunye neentambo zedatha. Uhlobo ngalunye lunemithetho yalo. Ukuba ulandela le migaqo, uhlala ukhuselekile.
Iikhowudi zoMbala weSekethe ye-AC
Iisekethe ze-AC zisebenzisa iikhowudi zemibala ukubonisa into eyenziwa yintambo nganye. Uzibona ezi khowudi emakhayeni, ezikolweni, nakwiifektri. Imibala ikuxelela ukuba loluphi ucingo oluphilayo, olungathathi hlangothi, okanye olusemhlabeni. Kufuneka usebenzise umbala ochanekileyo ukunqanda ingozi.
Nantsi itafile enemibala eqhelekileyo yebhatyi yocingo ye-AC:
uhlobo | Umbala wocingo | Injongo |
|---|---|---|
AC | Mnyama | ISigaba 1 |
AC | Bomvu | ISigaba 2 |
AC | Luhlaza | Isigaba 3 (208V) |
AC | Mhlophe | cala |
AC | Luhlaza / Mthubi | umhlaba |
Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iikhowudi zombala wentambo ye-AC ezahlukeneyo. Ungawubona lo mahluko kwitheyibhile engezantsi:
Ummandla/uMgangatho | Inqanaba elinye AC (230V) | Isigaba esiThathu se-AC (415+ V) |
|---|---|---|
EMNYAMA = iSigaba, EMHLOPHE = Ngokungathathi hlangothi, LULUHLAZA/ ABANGABHABHEKI = Umhlaba | BULUU = iSigaba 1, ORENDI = iSigaba 2, EMNYAMA = iSigaba 3, EMHLOPHE = Ngokungathathi hlangothi, LULUHLAZA/UMHLABA = Umhlaba | |
I-IEC (UK, EU) | BROWN = iSigaba, BULUHLO = Ngokuphakathi, LULUHLAZA/ THULU = Umhlaba | BUBRUU = iSigaba 1, EMNYAMA = iSigaba 2, LULUYI = iSigaba 3, BULUHLOKO = Ngokuphakathi, LULUHLAZA/LUTHULU = Umhlaba |
Iikhowudi zase-UK ezindala | RED = iSigaba, EMNYAMA = Ngokungathathi cala, LULULU/LUTHULU = Umhlaba | RED = iSigaba 1, THULU = iSigaba 2, BULUHLO = iSigaba 3, EMNYAMA = Ngokungathathi cala, LULULU/LUTHULU = Umhlaba |
Qaphela: Ukusebenzisa umbala ongafanelekanga kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Usenokothuka, ubase umlilo okanye uqhekeze izixhobo. Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga imithetho phambi kokuba uqalise.
Ukuba usebenzisa umbala webhatyi yocingo engalunganga, unokuba neengxaki zokhuseleko:
Umngcipheko woKhuseleko | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
Umothuko wombane | Ukudibanisa okungalunganga kunokwenza ukuba iingcingo ziphile kwaye zibangele ukothuka. |
Iingozi zomlilo | Iingcingo ezingalunganga zinokutshisa kakhulu kwaye ziqale umlilo. |
Ukonakala kwezixhobo | Iingcingo ezingalunganga zinokuqhekeza izixhobo zakho. |
Kufuneka ulandele iikhowudi zemibala ukuze uphumelele ukuhlolwa kwaye uhlale ukhuselekile.
Iikhowudi zoMbala weSekethe yeDC
Iisekethe ze-DC zisebenzisa iikhowudi zemibala eyahlukileyo kuneesekethe ze-AC. Ubona iintambo ze-DC kwiiphaneli zelanga, iibhetri, kunye nombane. Imibala ibonisa ukuba loluphi ucingo olulungileyo, olunegetive, okanye olusezantsi.
Nantsi itheyibhile enekhowudi zombala wentambo ye-DC:
Ikhowudi yombala | DC Umsebenzi | AC Equivalent (ukuba ikhona) |
|---|---|---|
Bomvu | Ucingo oluhle (+). | UBrown (eYurophu) |
Mnyama | Engalunganga (–) ucingo | Blue (eYurophu) |
Luhlaza | Umhlaba wokhuseleko | Luhlaza |
Bare | Umhlaba ongafakwanga | N / A |
Mhlophe | I-conductor ephantsi okanye engathathi hlangothi | N / A |
Ngwevu | I-conductor ephantsi okanye engathathi hlangothi | N / A |
Mhlophe / Grey | Ukubuya / okuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo eziphantsi kwe-voltage | N / A |
Imithetho yeshishini ikunceda ukhethe imibala yebhatyi yocingo elungileyo kumandla weDC. Ungazibona ezi khowudi kwitheyibhile engezantsi:
Ikhowudi yombala | inkcazelo |
|---|---|
Mnyama | Ukungasekelwanga kumbane womgca (120, 240, 480) |
Bomvu | I-AC engasekelwanga ngaphantsi kombane womgca |
Luhlaza | Ulawulo olungenasiseko lwe-DC |
Lubhelu | Iikondaktari ezingasekelwanga ezihlala zivuliwe |
orenji | Iikondaktari ezingasekelwanga ezihlala zivuliwe |
Luhlaza | I-conductor yokuqalisa (imigca emthubi uyazikhethela) |
Mhlophe / Grey | Isibhengezo se-AC esisezantsi (imigca uyazikhethela) |
Imhlophe ngemigca eluhlaza | Isekethe ye-DC enesiseko |
Ingcebiso: Soloko ujonga iikhowudi zombala phambi kokuba uqhagamshele iintambo zeDC. Oku kukunceda ukuba uphephe iimpazamo kwaye ugcine inkqubo yakho ikhuselekile.
Idatha kunye neeKhowudi zeMbala zeCable ye-Ethernet
Iintambo zedatha zineekhowudi zazo zemibala. Ezi ntambo uzibona kwiikhompyuter, iifowuni kunye neenethiwekhi. Imibala ikunceda ukwazi ukuba loluphi ucingo oluthumela okanye olufumana idatha. Imigangatho ye-T568A kunye ne-T568B ibonisa indlela yokusebenzisa le mibala.
Nantsi itafile ene T568A kunye T568B iikhowudi umbala kwiintambo ze-Ethernet:
Inombolo yePin | T568A Ikhowudi yoMbala | T568B Ikhowudi yoMbala | Uphawu | inkcazelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mhlophe / Luhlaza | Mhlophe / Orenji | Thumela + (Tx +) | Ithumela idatha |
2 | Luhlaza | orenji | Dlulisa – (Tx -) | Ithumela idatha |
3 | Mhlophe / Orenji | Mhlophe / Luhlaza | Yamkela + (Rx +) | Ifumana idatha |
4 | Luhlaza | Luhlaza | Engasetyenziswanga/PoE | Isetyenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
5 | Omhlophe / iBlue | Omhlophe / iBlue | Engasetyenziswanga/PoE | Isetyenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
6 | orenji | Luhlaza | Yamkela – (Rx -) | Ifumana idatha |
7 | Mhlophe / Mnyama | Mhlophe / Mnyama | Engasetyenziswanga/PoE | Isetyenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
8 | Ntsundu | Ntsundu | Engasetyenziswanga/PoE | Isetyenziselwa Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet (PoE) |
Usebenzisa le migangatho ukuze iintambo zakho zisebenze nazo zonke izixhobo. Ukufakwa kombala kwiintambo zedatha kukunceda ukulungisa iingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Unokufumana intambo efanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye wenze utshintsho ngaphandle kweempazamo.
Umgangatho we-ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-B unceda ukuba usebenzise iikhowudi zombala ofanayo kuyo yonke indawo.
Amashishini ahlukeneyo asebenzisa imibala eyahlukileyo, ngoko hlala ujonga imithetho yenkampani yakho.
Ukufakwa kwekhowudi yombala kukunceda ufumane iintambo ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko zikaxakeka.
Qaphela: Ukusebenzisa imibala yebhatyi yocingo echanekileyo kukunceda ugcine inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselekile kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.
I-AC, DC, kunye neentambo zedatha zisebenzisa iikhowudi zombala ezahlukeneyo. Inkqubo nganye inemithetho yayo. Kufuneka ufunde ezi khowudi ukuze usebenze ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ulandele imigaqo. Ukuba usebenzisa umbala ofanelekileyo, uyazikhusela wena kunye nezixhobo zakho.
Imibala yesiko kunye nezicelo ezikhethekileyo
Xa Kusetyenziswa Imibala Eqhelekileyo
Ngamanye amaxesha, iintambo zinemibala ekhethekileyo yebhatyi yocingo. Le mibala ikunceda ugcine iintambo zicocekile kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Ukusebenzisa imibala yesiko kwenza intambo nganye ibonakale yahlukile. Oku kukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile. Ukubhalwa kombala ngokwesiko kubalulekile kwiinkqubo ezinkulu. Kuyafuneka kwakhona xa kufuneka ulandele imithetho ekhethekileyo. Kufuneka ujonge imithetho yendawo phambi kokukhetha umbala. E-US, umbala unokuthetha into enye. EYurophu okanye eAsia, kunokuthetha enye into. Ngalo lonke ixesha ujonge imigaqo yendawo yakho. Unokufunda ngakumbi ku https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Benza amaqela amakhulu eentambo akhuseleke ngakumbi.
Imithetho yendawo inokutshintsha ukuba imibala ithetha ntoni.
Kufuneke u landela imigaqo yokuphepha iimpazamo.
yiya https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables iinkcukacha.
Ukutolika iMibala engeyiyo iMigangatho
Ezinye iinkampani zisebenzisa eyazo imibala yeebhatyi zocingo. Le mibala ayisoloko ifana nemigangatho. Kufuneka usebenzise umbala ofanayo kumsebenzi ofanayo kwiintambo zakho. Oku kwenza ukulungisa kunye nokujonga iintambo zibe lula. Iindawo kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo inokusebenzisa imibala eyahlukileyo. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa indlela iingcali ezijonga ngayo imibala engekho mgangathweni:
imvelaphi | Amaphuzu aphambili |
|---|---|
Romtronic | Imibala engaqhelekanga itshintsha ngomsebenzi kunye nendawo; imithetho ikhona kodwa ayingqongqo. |
Ibhlog yeCWS | Ukusebenzisa umbala ofanayo ngalo lonke ixesha kukunceda ukulungisa iintambo. |
Sebenzisa umbala ofanayo kumsebenzi ofanayo kwiintambo zakho.
Imithetho yombala inokwahluka kwezinye iindawo.
Funda ngakumbi malunga nemibala engaqhelekanga kwi https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
IiMfuno zoMbala zoShishino
Eminye imisebenzi idinga imibala yebhatyi yocingo ekhethekileyo. Amaqela enza imithetho akuxelela ukuba yeyiphi imibala omawuyisebenzise. Le mibala ikunceda ukuba uhlale ukhuselekile kwaye ulandele umthetho. Ubona imibala efana obomvu, orenji, kunye notyheli ngenxa yengozi, isilumkiso, nesilumkiso. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ukuba le mibala ithetha ntoni:
Uluhlu lwemibala | Ikhowudi yombala | inkcazelo |
|---|---|---|
Ingozi | Bomvu | Ibonisa ukuba kukho ingozi enkulu kwaye kufuneka ulumke. |
isilumkiso | orenji | Ikuxelela ukuba kukho umngcipheko onzulu kodwa hayi ngoku. |
Qhaphela | Lubhelu | Kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ulumkele umngcipheko onokwenzeka. |
Iingozi zebhayoloji | I-Fluorescent Orange | Isetyenziselwa i-biohazards kunye neengozi ezikhethekileyo. |
Kufuneka usebenzise le mibala ukuze uphumelele iitshekhi kwaye ugcine iintambo zikhuselekile. Unokufunda ngakumbi ngale mithetho apha https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Ingcebiso: Soloko ujonge eyona migaqo mitsha phambi kokuba usebenze ngeentambo. Ukulandela imithetho yombala kukunceda uphephe iimpazamo kwaye ugcine ukhuselekile. Ukufumana iingcebiso ezingaphezulu, ndwendwela https://blog.epectec.com/defining-standard-wire-jacket-colors-in-cables.
Ugcina iintambo zikhuselekile ngokwazi iikhowudi zemibala. Kufuneka ulandele imigaqo efanelekileyo yeentambo. Sebenzisa intambo yentambo, imikhono, neelebhile zokugcina iintambo zicocekile. Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga imithetho phambi kokuba uqalise. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa indlela imithetho ekunceda ngayo ukuba usebenze ngeentambo kunye nokuyeka iimpazamo.
Inkcazo yobungqina | Inzuzo |
|---|---|
ANSI / TIA / EIA-606-B umgangatho inika indlela ecacileyo yokubiza iintambo zothungelwano ngezinto abazenzayo. | Yenza ukuseta iintambo kube lula kwaye kukunceda ukulungisa iingxaki ngokukhawuleza. Kukwanqanda ukuba abantu bangabhideki. |
Imithetho yemibala inceda ukugcina ucwangco kwiindawo ezineentambo ezininzi. | Bakunceda ukuba ugcine iintambo kwindawo efanelekileyo kwaye unqande abantu ekukhupheni ezingalunganga. |
Ukusebenzisa iikhowudi ezinemibala efanayo kumisa iilebhile ezingalunganga. | Ikunceda ukuba unakekele iintambo ixesha elide kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba unokongeza ezinye iintambo kamva ngaphandle kwenkathazo. |
FAQ
Ithetha ntoni imibala yebhatyi yocingo kwiintambo?
Imibala yebhatyi yocingo ikubonisa injongo yentambo. Unokwazi ukubona umhlaba, ungathathi hlangothi, okanye iingcingo eziphilayo ngokukhawuleza. Oku kukunceda usebenze ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ngaba unokusebenzisa nawuphi na umbala kwiintambo zakho?
Kufuneka ulandele imigaqo kunye nemigangatho yendawo. Imibala elungiselelweyo inceda ukulungelelanisa iintambo, kodwa kufuneka usoloko ujonga iikhowudi zokhuseleko kuqala.
Kutheni iintambo zenethiwekhi zineekhowudi zemibala eyahlukileyo?
Imibala yentambo yenethiwekhi ikunceda ufumane uqhagamshelo ngokukhawuleza. Ubona imigangatho efana ne-T568A/B. Ezi khowudi zigcina inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselekile kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.
