khuphela le fayile njengepdf

I. Inkcazo yeMveliso engundoqo kunye neeMfuno

1. IiMfuno eziSebenzayo:

  • Yeyiphi imisebenzi engundoqo ekufuneka iphunyezwe yimveliso? Chaza ngokweenkcukacha kangangoko.
  • Kuthini ukuhamba komsebenzi kumsebenzi ngamnye? (umzekelo, umsebenzisi wenza njani, aqwalasele, kwaye asebenzise umsebenzi?)
  • Athini amagalelo? (Amaqhosha, abenzi boluvo, idatha efunyenwe ngonxibelelwano lonxibelelwano, njl.njl.)
  • Zithini iZiphumo? (Imiboniso, izibane zesalathisi, izandi, izenzo zemoto, idatha ethunyelwe ngonxibelelwano lonxibelelwano, njl.njl.)

2. IiNgcaciso zoMsebenzi:

  • Zeziphi iiparamitha zokusebenza eziphambili? (umzekelo, ukuchaneka koMlinganiso, isantya sokuphendula, isakhono sokusetyenzwa, izinga losulelo, isisombululo, uluhlu lwamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle, njl.njl.)
  • Ngawaphi amaxabiso ekujoliswe kuwo okanye uluhlu olwamkelekileyo kwezi parameters?

3. Ujongano lomsebenzisi (UI) & neNdibaniselwano:

  • Loluphi ujongano lomsebenzisi olufunekayo? (umzekelo, amaQhosha, isikrini esichukumisayo, amaqhoshana, izibonisi ze-LED, uhlobo lokubonisa nobukhulu, izivuseleli zesandi, njl.njl.)
  • Umsebenzisi udibana njani nemveliso? Yintoni ingqiqo yokusebenza?
  • Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimfuno ezithile ze-ergonomic okanye zokusebenziseka?

4. Imeko-bume yokuSebenza:

  • Iza kusetyenziswa kwindawo enjani imveliso? (umz., Ngaphakathi/Ngaphandle, uluhlu lobushushu, uluhlu lokufuma, i-IP (uKhuseleko lokuNgena) umlinganiselo wokumelana namanzi/uthuli, iimfuno zokuxhathisa ukothuka/ukungcangcazela, ubukho beegesi ezidliwayo, i-EMI/EMC bume, njl. njl.) Oku kubalulekile ekukhetheni izinto eziphathekayo, ibakala lecandelo, kunye noyilo lokukhusela.

5. Abasebenzisi ekujoliswe kubo kunye neMarike:

  • Ngoobani abasebenzisi abaphambili bemveliso? (Abathengi, abasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso, abasebenzisi bezonyango, njl.njl.)
  • Ziphi iimarike zokuthengisa eziphambili? (Iingingqi ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno zolawulo ezahlukeneyo.) Oku kunceda ukuqonda iimfuno zamava omsebenzisi kunye nesikhokelo sokuthotyelwa.

II. IiNgcaciso zobuGcisa kunye neziNdibaniselwano

6. IiMfuno zokuBonelelwa koMbane:

  • Uhlobo loMthombo waMandla wokuNgena? (Ii-AC eziphambili, iadaptha ye-DC, uhlobo lwebhetri & neenkcukacha, amandla e-USB, i-PoE, njl.)
  • I-voltage kunye noluhlu lwangoku? Iimfuno zamandla? Ngaba akhona amandla alindileyo okanye iimfuno zosetyenziso lwamandla aphezulu?
  • Ngaba umsebenzi wolawulo lwamandla uyafuneka? (umzekelo, iimowudi zamandla aphantsi, ulawulo lokutshaja ibhetri, njl.njl.)

7. IiNxibelelwano zoNxibelelwano:

  • Zeziphi iindlela zonxibelelwano ezifunekayo? (umz., USB, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, LoRa, RS232/485, CAN, I2C, SPI, UART, njl.)
  • Ziziphi iinkcukacha zojongano oluthile? (umzekelo, i-USB 2.0/3.x, Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n/ac/ax, uguqulelo lweBluetooth)
  • Zeziphi iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezisetyenziswayo? (umzekelo, i-TCP/IP, i-Modbus, i-MQTT, iiprothokholi eziqhelekileyo, njl.njl.) Izinga logqithiso lwedatha kunye neemfuno zomgama?

8. IiSensors & actuators:

  • Zeziphi izixhobo zoluvo ezifuna ukudityaniswa? (umzekelo, iqondo lobushushu, ukufuma, uxinzelelo, i-accelerometer, igyroscope, i-ambient light sensor, i-proximity sensor, njl.njl.)
  • Zeziphi ii-activators ekufuneka ziqhutywe? (umz., uhlobo lweMoto, iireyilayi, iintambo ze-LED, ii-buzzers, njl. njl.) Athini amanani amacandelo athile okanye iimfuno zokusebenza kwezi peripherals?

9. Ukwenziwa kweSakhono kunye noGcino:

  • Ziziphi iimfuno zesakhono sokusetyenzwa somlawuli oyintloko? (umz., Kufuneka usebenzise ialgorithms ezintsonkothileyo, inkqubo yokusebenza?)
  • Ingakanani imemori kunye nendawo yokugcina efunekayo? (I-RAM, iFlash/EEPROM, ikhadi le-SD, njl.)
  • Ngaba kukho ukhetho oluthile lwe-microcontroller okanye iprosesa?

10. Ubume boomatshini kunye neNdawo evalekileyo:

  • Yeyiphi imilinganiselo yemveliso elindelekileyo, imilo, kunye nemiqobo yobunzima?
  • Iimfuno zezinto ezivaliweyo? (Iplastiki, isinyithi, njl.)
  • Ngaba kukho imizobo yoyilo lwamashishini, iimodeli ze-3D, okanye iimveliso zereferensi ezikhoyo?
  • Indlela yokuxhoma? (Ukuxhonywa eludongeni, kufakwe, ukubanjwa ngesandla, njl.njl.)
  • Iimfuno zolawulo lobushushu? (Ufuna abalandeli, iitsinki zobushushu?)

11. Umboniso kunye neSibonisi:

  • Uhlobo lokubonisa? (Umboniso wecandelo le-LED, i-LCD yecandelo, i-LCD ye-dot-matrix, i-OLED, isikrini sombala we-TFT, njl.
  • Ubungakanani bomboniso, isisombululo, ukukhanya, iimfuno zokujonga i-engile?
  • Inani, umbala, kunye nentsingiselo yesimo sezibane zesalathisi?

III. Imimiselo, iziQinisekiso kunye neeMfuno zokuVelisa

12. Ukuthotyelwa kunye neziQinisekiso:

  • Yeyiphi imimiselo kunye neziqinisekiso ekufuneka imveliso ihlangabezane nazo? (Kubaluleke kakhulu)
    • Iziqinisekiso zoKhuseleko: UL, CE (LVD), CCC, PSE, KC, njl.
    • Izatifikethi zokuhambelana koMbane (EMC): I-FCC, i-CE (EMC), i-CISPR, i-VCCI, njl.
    • Izatifikethi ezingqale kwishishini: Unyango (i-FDA, i-ISO 13485), i-Automotive (IATF 16949), i-Industrial Control, i-Aerospace, njl.
    • Izatifikethi zokusiNgqongileyo: I-RoHS (Ukuthintelwa kwezinto ezinobungozi), REACH, WEEE, njl.
  • Iimarike ekujoliswe kuzo zimisela iziqinisekiso ezinyanzelekileyo.

13. Uveliso & Neendleko ekujoliswe kuzo:

  • Umthamo olindelekileyo wemveliso? (Ivolyum yevolyum ephantsi, ivolyum ephakathi, ivolyum ephezulu) Oku kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhethwa kwecandelo, iinkqubo zemveliso, kunye neendleko.
  • Lithini ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo? (Ixabiso le-BOM, ixabiso langaphambili lasefektri) (Lo ngumqobo woyilo oluphambili)
  • Iimfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa? (umzekelo, ukudityaniswa kweSMT, ukusoda ngesandla, iimfuno zovavanyo)
  • Iimfuno zelizwe lemvelaphi? (Nasiphi na isithintelo sonikezelo ngokwejografi?)

14. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuThunyelwa:

  • Ziziphi iimfuno zokupakishwa kwemveliso? (Izixhobo ezihambelana ne-Eco-friendly, ukuxhathisa ukothuka, ukuxhathisa ukufuma, imilinganiselo, njl.)
  • Ngaba izincedisi kufuneka zibandakanywe? (Iadaptha yamandla, iintambo, incwadi yomsebenzisi, ikhadi lewaranti, njl.njl.)

IV. Ukwenziwa kweProjekthi kunye nokuPhunyezwayo

15. Ixesha leProjekthi:

  • Umjikelo wophuhliso olindelweyo? (Uyilo lombono, iskimu, iPCB, iprototype, uvavanyo, isatifikethi, imveliso yokulinga, imveliso yobuninzi)
  • Imihla ebalulekileyo yembali? (umzekelo, ukuhanjiswa kweprototype yokuqala, ukugqitywa koqinisekiso, ukuqala kwemveliso ngobuninzi)

16. Ezinikezelwayo:

  • Zeziphi izinto ezithe ngqo ezifunwa ngumxhasi?
    • Uxwebhu loYilo? (Ii-Schematics, iifayile zePCB, uluhlu lweBOM, ikhowudi yomthombo we-firmware/iifayile zokucwangcisa)
    • Iingxelo zovavanyo? (Uvavanyo olusebenzayo, uvavanyo lokusebenza, uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo, iingxelo zokuthotyelwa kwangaphambili kwe-EMC)
    • IiNgxelo zeZiqinisekiso? (Izatifikethi zokugqibela ezipasisiweyo kunye neengxelo)
    • Inani leeprototypes?
    • IiFayile zeMveliso yeMisa? (Iifayile zeGerber, iifayile zestencil, imizobo yendibano, uyilo lovavanyo, njl.njl.)
  • Ubunini bePropati yoBukrelekrele (IP)? (Ibaluleke kakhulu)

17. Uluhlu lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali:

  • Luthini uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomxhasi weprojekthi iyonke (imirhumo yophuhliso, i-NRE [Ubunjineli obuNgaphindiyo], iindleko zeprototype, iifizi zesiqinisekiso)? (Unceda ukuvavanya ukwenzeka kweprojekthi kunye nokubonelela ngeekowuteshini ezifanelekileyo)

V. Olunye Ulwazi Olubalulekileyo

18. Izisombululo Esele Zikhona / IiMveliso eziReferensi:

  • Ngaba umxhasi uneprototype esele ikhona, imveliso yereferensi, okanye imveliso ekhuphisana nayo? Le yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokuqonda iimfuno.
  • Yeyiphi imiba yesisombululo esikhoyo esanelisayo nenganelisiyo?

19. IPropati yoBukrelekrele (IP):

  • Buya kuchazwa njani ubunini beziphumo zophuhliso (uyilo lwezixhobo, ikhowudi yesoftware)? (Idla ngokuba yeyomthengi ekuphuhlisweni kwesiko; kufuneka ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwikhontrakthi)
  • Ngaba i-NDA (iSivumelwano esiNgachaziyo) iyafuneka?

20. Inkonzo yasemva kwentengiso kunye neNkxaso:

  • Zeziphi izinto ezilindelekileyo zomxhasi kwinkxaso yobugcisa emva kokwaziswa nokugcinwa? (umz., Ixesha lenkxaso? Ubungakanani benkxaso?)

21. Ikhonkco lezigqibo kunye nabafowunelwa:

  • Ngubani umthathi-zigqibo wokugqibela kwimiba yobugcisa?
  • Ngubani umntu onxibelelana naye kwimiba yorhwebo/yeshishini?
  • Ngubani ujongano lweprojekthi oluphambili/indawo yoqhagamshelwano?

Indlela Yokuqokelelwa Ngokufanelekileyo Olu lwazi

  1. Sebenzisa Uluhlu Lwemibuzo/Uluhlu Lokutshekisha: Ngokusekelwe kuluhlu olungasentla, yenza ikhweshine eneenkcukacha zombane okanye ifomu yokuqokelela iimfuno ukuze umxhasi azalise. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuqokelelwa kolwazi olucwangcisiweyo.
  2. Qhuba udliwano-ndlebe olunzulu: Uluhlu lwemibuzo sisiqalo nje. Cwangcisa iintlanganiso ezinzulu kunye nenkokeli yobugcisa (okanye umenzi wesigqibo) ukuxoxa ngento nganye, ukucacisa izinto ezingaqondakaliyo, kunye nokufumanisa iimfuno ezifihlakeleyo (iimfuno umxhasi asenokungachazwanga ngokucacileyo kodwa zibalulekile).
  3. Nika iisakhelo/imizekelo: Ngeemfuno ezintsonkothileyo (umzekelo, iinkcazo zokusebenza), bonelela ngeetemplates okanye imizekelo yokukhokela umxhasi ekuboneleleni ngokucacileyo, iinkcazo ezinokuqikelelwa.
  4. Gxininisa "Kutheni": Musa ukubuza nje ukuba “yintoni” ekufuneka yenziwe; buza "kutheni" umsebenzi othile okanye iinkcukacha ziyafuneka. Oku kunceda ukuqonda iimfuno ezingundoqo zomthengi kunye nokufumana izisombululo ezingcono zoyilo.
  5. Lawula Okulindelekileyo: Qalisa ukulawula okulindelwe ngabathengi ngexesha lokuqokelela ulwazi. Umzekelo, nxibelelana norhwebo olunokwenzeka kwangoko malunga neengxabano phakathi kweemfuno zokusebenza okuphezulu kunye neethagethi ezinexabiso eliphantsi, okanye iishedyuli eziqinileyo kunye noyilo oluntsokothileyo.
  6. Isiqinisekiso esiBhaliweyo: Hlanganisa zonke iimfuno ekuvunyelwene ngazo kwiNgcaciso yeeMveliso ezisesikweni (PRD) okanye iSivumelwano soBugcisa, esisayinwe ngamaqela omabini. Oku kusebenza njengesiseko soyilo olulandelayo kunye nokwamkelwa, ukuthintela iingxabano ezizayo.