Litaolo tse tlase tsa Dropout li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea potoloho. Ba fana ka motlakase o tsitsitseng, ba fokotsa litšila tsa motlakase, 'me ba netefatsa hore lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki li sebetsa hantle. Ka nako e tlaase haholo ea ho phomola, li boloka matla ha li ntse li boloka lebelo le phahameng. Balaoli ba joalo ka LM1117 ba sebelisa matla a fokolang ha ba sa sebetse, ba etsa hore e be tse loketseng lisebelisoa tse kang tse ka roaloang. Ba lelefatsa bophelo ba betri le ho fokotsa lerata, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa sejoale-joale tse sebelisang matla a tlase.
Litaolo tse tlase tsa Dropout li thusa lipotoloho tsa hau hore li lule li sebetsa hantle, li tsitsitse, 'me li khutsitse.
Litsela tsa bohlokoa
Li-Low-dropout regulators (LDOs) li fana ka motlakase o tsitsitseng le ho boloka matla. Li ntle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebelisang libeteri.
Khetha li-LDO tse nang le voltage e tlase ho fokotsa mocheso le ho sebetsa hamolemo lipotolohong.
Sebelisa li-LDO tse nang le motlakase o tlase o sa sebetseng ho etsa hore libeteri li tšoarelle nako e telele. Sena se thusa bakeng sa lintho tse ka roaloang le lisebelisoa tse bohlale.
Latela hantle Moralo oa PCB melao ea ho theola lerata le mocheso. Sena se thusa LDOs ho sebetsa betere.
Lekola li-LDO tsa hau hangata maemong a nnete ho li boloka li tšepahala ebile li sebetsa hantle.
Metheo ea Li-Regulators tse Tlase
Selaoli se Tlaasehang ke Eng?
A molaoli oa ho theoha tlaase (LDO) e boloka motlakase o tsitsitse le ha o kenya letsoho hanyane. E sebetsa hantle ha motlakase o kenang o le holimo hanyane ho feta tlhahiso. Ho fapana le balaoli ba khale, LDO li hloka tlase ho 400 mV ho sebetsa. Li-LDO tse ling tse ncha li hloka feela 100 mV, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa ho boloka matla.
Ka mohlala, LDO e ka boloka 2.8 V e tsitsitse ha betri ea lithium-ion e theoha ho tloha 4.2 V ho ea ho 3.0 V. Sena se thusa libeteri ho tšoarella nako e telele le ho sebetsa hamolemo ho lisebelisoa tse kang liaparo le lisebelisoa tsa IoT.
Likaroloana tsa Motheo: Feta Element, Error Amplifier, le Feedback Network
Li-LDO li sebelisa likarolo tse tharo tsa mantlha ho laola motlakase:
Feta Element: Karolo ena e fetola phallo ea hona joale ho boloka tlhahiso e tsitsitse.
Seamplifier ea Phoso: E hlahloba matla a motlakase mme e romela matšoao ho e lokisa.
Feedback Network: Sena se sebelisa voltage divider ho thusa amplifier ho boloka lintho li tsitsitse.
Likarolo tsena li sebetsa 'moho ho sebetsana ka potlako le liphetoho tsa mojaro kapa motlakase o kenang. Botsitso bo itšetlehile ka hore na likarolo tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle li leka-lekane joang nakong ea moralo.
Hobaneng o Khetha li-LDO ho feta Balaoli ba Bang?
Li-LDO li na le melemo e mengata ha li bapisoa le balaoli ba bang:
bokgoni: Ba senya matla a fokolang ka ho sebelisa lekhalo le lenyenyane la li-input-voltage.
Noise e tlaase: Li khutsitse haholo, li loketse lisebelisoa tse bobebe joalo ka liea-le-moea.
tsela e bonolo: LDO li hloka likarolo tse ling tse fokolang, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li sebelisa.
Battery Life: Li thusa libeteri ho tšoarella nako e telele, haholo-holo ho lisebelisoa tse nkehang habonolo.
Li-LDO li boetse li thibela lerata hantle, e leng se thusang libakeng tse lerata. Likarolo tsena li li etsa khetho e holimo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale.
Lintlha tse Amang Tšebetso ea Bolaoli ba Tlase ea Dropout
Phapang ea Motlakase oa ho Kenoa le O Tsoang
Lekhalo pakeng tsa matla a ho kenya le ho tsoa ho ama tahlehelo ea mocheso. Haeba motlakase o kenang o phahame haholo, matla a eketsehileng a fetoha mocheso. Sena se theola ts'ebetso mme se ka baka mathata a ho chesa haholo. Ho boloka motlakase, boloka lekhalo la motlakase oa ho kenya letsoho le le le lenyane. Sena se bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebelisang libeteri.
Kajeno, lik'hamphani li shebana le meralo ea matla a tlase le a tlase haholo. Ba sebelisa theknoloji e ncha ho theola motlakase oa ho theoha le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso. Ka tlaase ke tafole e bontšang mekhoa ea morao-rao:
Trends senotlolo | Details |
|---|---|
Tsepamisa maikutlo ho Meetso ea Matla a Tlase | Li-LDO li habile ho meralo ea matla a tlase le a tlase haholo. |
Tlhokahalo ea Matla a Matla | Liindasteri li batla lisebelisoa tse bolokang matla, tse bōpang ntlafatso ea LDO. |
Advanced Technology | Mekhoa e mecha e thusa ho theola motlakase oa motlakase le ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso. |
Ho khetha LDO e nang le motlakase o fokolang oa ho theoha ho thusa ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea potoloho.
Quiscent Current le Sebetsa
Quescent current ke matla a sebelisoang ha ho se na moroalo o hoketsoeng. Mokotla o phahameng o khutsitseng o ka ntša libeteri kapele, haholo-holo ka lisebelisoa tsa motlakase o tlase. Li-LDO tsa lerata le tlase li sebelisa nako e khutsitseng e nyane haholo, e li etsang hore e be tse ntle bakeng sa lintho tse ka roaloang le lisebelisoa tsa IoT.
Kamehla hlahloba lintlha tse khutsitseng ha u khetha LDO. Ba bang ba laolang lerata le tlase haholo ba sebelisa li-microamps tse seng kae feela. Sena se thusa libeteri ho tšoarella nako e telele, ho li etsa hore li sebetse hantle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse nkehang habonolo. Ho khetha li-LDO tse nang le khutso e tlase hona joale ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ntle le ho lahleheloa ke ts'ebetso.
Ho laola Mocheso bakeng sa ho Tšepahala ho Molemo
Ho laola mocheso ke senotlolo sa ho boloka LDO li sebetsa hantle. Mocheso o mongata haholo o ka senya likarolo le ho khutsufatsa bophelo ba tsona. U ka sebelisa mekhoa e kang dynamic voltage scaling ho lokisa tlhahiso ho latela mocheso. Sena se theola mocheso mme se emisa ho chesa haholo.
Lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ho paka tse nang le taolo e ntle ea mocheso le tsona li thusa. Lisebelisoa tsena li jala mocheso ka potlako, ho boloka molaoli o tsitsitse tlas'a tšebeliso e boima. Ka tlase lethathamo la mekhoa e netefalitsoeng ea ho laola mocheso:
Method | Details | Phello ho Tšepahala |
|---|---|---|
Matla a Matla a Voltage | Fetola tlhahiso ho latela mocheso ho theola mocheso. | E fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso ka 30% nakong ea tšebeliso e boima. |
Lisebelisoa tse Khethehileng tsa ho Paka | E sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang mocheso hamolemo. | E ntlafatsa taolo ea mocheso ka 50%. |
Tumellano ea Maemo a Likoloi | E eketsa ho tima mocheso le likarolo tsa ts'ireletso ea surge. | E sebetsa hantle ho mocheso o tikolohong oa 125°C. |
Ho sebelisa mekhoa ena ho etsa hore li-LDO li tšepahale le ho boloka lipotoloho li sebetsa hantle.
Ho Ntlafatsa Balaoli ba Pholiso e Tlase bakeng sa Likopo tse Khethehileng
Lipotoloho tsa Dijithale: Ho Laola Lerata le Tšebeliso ea Matla
Balaoli ba li-dropout tse tlase ba thusa li-circuits tsa digital ka ho khaola lerata le ho boloka matla. Sebelisa li-LDO tsa lerata le tlase ho thibela lerata le phahameng le ho boloka likarolo li tsitsitse. Mohlala, LDO ea 5-mA ea hajoale e ka theola lerata ka 49 dB ho fihla ho 10 MHz ka 68 nF feela sephethong. Sena se betere ka 20 dB ho feta mefuta ea voltage-mode, e etsa hore e be ntle bakeng sa li-circuits tsa CMOS Clock le Data Recovery.
Ho kenyelletsa LDO ho lumella litsamaiso tsa dijithale ho sebetsana le lerata le eketsehileng la phepelo ea motlakase ntle le mathata. Lithuto li bonts'a litsamaiso tse nang le LDO li laola lerata la 200mV/10MHz, athe tse se nang matšoao ke 20mV/10MHz feela. Sena se etsa hore li tšepahale libakeng tse nang le maemo a fetohang a matla.
Khetha li-LDO tse nang le lerata le tlase haholo tse nang le likarolo tsa polokeho tse hahelletsoeng. Tsena li ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ts'epahalo, tse phethahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa mehleng ea kajeno tsa matla.
Lipotoloho tsa Analog: Ho boloka Matšoao a Hlakile
Li-circuits tsa analog li hloka motlakase o tsitsitseng ho boloka matšoao a hloekile. Li-regulator tse tlase li sebetsa hantle ka ho fana ka motlakase o tsitsitseng le ho fokotsa maqhubu. Mohlala, ISL70005SEH LDO e sebetsa hantle ka 95% ka motlakase oa ho theoha oa 75mV. E sebetsana le mocheso hantle mme e ts'ehetsa meroalo ea ± 1A, e loketseng tšebeliso ea analog joalo ka litsamaiso tsa sathelaete.
Ha u rala li-circuits tsa analog, khetha li-LDO tse nang le ts'ebetso e ntle ea DC le AC. Batla motlakase o tlase oa ho theoha, motlakase o tlase oa ho phomola, le motlakase o nepahetseng oa tlhahiso. Hape, hlahloba likarolo tsa AC joalo ka khatello ea ripple le ho hana phepelo ea motlakase bakeng sa matšoao a hlakileng.
LDO e nepahetseng e boloka lipotoloho tsa analog li sebetsa hantle, esita le maemong a thata.
RF Applications: Ho Seha Lerata le Ripple
Li-circuits tsa RF li hloka li-regulator tse tlase ho fokotsa lerata le molumo oa molumo bakeng sa matšoao a hlakileng. Li-LDO tsa lerata le tlase li sebetsa hantle mona. Mohlala, ba bang ba na le maemo a lerata a 0.8µVRMS le ho hana phepelo ea 120dB ho 100Hz.
paramethara | latela boleng ba |
|---|---|
Lenane la lerata | 0.8µVRMS |
Input Referred Noise Floom | 0.5µVRMS |
Ho hana ho fana ka 100Hz | 120dB |
Linomoro tsena li bontša hore na ke hobaneng ha LDO e le senotlolo bakeng sa meralo ea RF. Ba fokotsa lerata le ripple, ba ntlafatsa boleng ba matšoao le ts'ebetso ea sistimi.
Bakeng sa li-circuits tsa RF, khetha li-LDO tse nang le mefuta e mengata ea ho kenya letsoho le likarolo tsa polokeho tse hahelletsoeng ka hare. Tsena li etsa hore litsamaiso li tšepahale le ho sebetsa hantle, li phethahale bakeng sa litlhoko tsa RF tse sebetsang hantle.
Litlhaloso tsa Bohlokoa bakeng sa ho Kgetha Molaoli oa Tlase
Dropout Voltage le Load Regulation
Matla a ho theoha a bohlokoa haholo ha u khetha LDO. E bonts'a lekhalo le lenyane le hlokahalang lipakeng tsa motlakase oa ho kenya le oa tlhahiso hore e sebetse. Matla a tlase a theohang a boloka matla 'me a etsa hore mocheso o fokotsehe. Sena se nepahetse bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebelisang libeteri. Mohlala, li-LDO tse ling tse nang le motlakase oa ho theoha oa 100 mV li nepahetse bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nkehang habonolo.
Taolo ea mojaro le eona ke ea bohlokoa. E hlahloba hore na molaoli o boloka motlakase o tsoang o tsitsitse ha mojaro o fetoha. Botsitso bo itšetlehile ka likarolo tse kang amplifier ea phoso le capacitors. Bokhoni bo eketsehileng bo ka etsa hore lintho li be thata ho li laola.
ga tlhaloso | Lebaka Leo e Leng ea Bohlokoa |
|---|---|
Jaro Transient Regulation | E boloka voltage e tsitsitse nakong ea liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mojaro. |
Voltage ea ho tlohela | E boloka matla le ho theola mocheso. |
Karolelano ea ho Hanela Phepelo ea Matla (PSRR) | E thibela lerata ho fetoha ha motlakase o kenang. |
Ho khetha LDO e nang le motlakase o tlase oa motlakase le taolo e ntle ea mojaro ho netefatsa matla a tsitsitseng le a sebetsang molemong oa moralo oa hau.
Taolo ea Mohala le Karo-karolelano ea ho Hanela Phepelo ea Matla (PSRR)
Taolo ea mela e bonts'a kamoo molaoli o bolokang motlakase o tsoang o tsitsitse ha motlakase o fetoha. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa litsamaiso tse kang likoloi kapa lifeme moo motlakase oa motlakase o ka fapanang. Melao e kang IEC61000-3-2 le MIL-STD-1399 e thusa ho netefatsa hore litsamaiso li sebetsa hantle ka mehloli ea matla.
PSRR e lekanya hore na molaoli o thibela lerata joang ho tsoa phepelong ea ho kenya. PSRR e phahameng e bohlokoa bakeng sa li-LDO tse khutsitseng tse sebelisoang lisebelisoa tse bobebe joalo ka seea-le-moea kapa li-circuits tsa analog. Mohlala, li-LDO tse ling tse nang le PSRR ho feta 120 dB ho 100 Hz li ntle ho emisa lerata.
Keletso: Libakeng tse lerata, khetha li-LDO tse nang le PSRR e phahameng le taolo e matla ea mohala bakeng sa matšoao a betere le litsamaiso tse tšepahalang.
Sephetho sa Hona Joale Bokhoni le Khetho ea Sephutheloana
Bokhoni ba hona joale ba tlhahiso ke bona ba hona joale bao molaoli a ka fanang ka bona mojaro. Lisebelisoa tse ling li hloka ka tlase ho 100 mA, ha tse ling li hloka ho feta 1 A. Ho khetha bokhoni bo nepahetseng ho qoba ho jara le ho boloka lintho li sebetsa hantle.
Boholo ba sephutheloana le bona bo bohlokoa. Liphutheloana tse nyane li lekana libaka tse thata, ha tse kholo li sebetsana le mocheso o mongata le matla. Mohlala, balaoli ba koloi kapa ba feme hangata ba na le liphutheloana tse matla bakeng sa mocheso o phahameng le litlhoko tsa matla.
Lintho tse kang karabelo ea mojaro, PSRR, le li-voltage tse theohang li thusa ho etsa qeto ea hore na ke LDO efe e lekanang litlhoko tsa hau tsa hajoale le tsa ho paka. Ka ho hlahloba tsena, o ka khetha molaoli o sebetsang hantle mme o boloka matla.
Mekhoa e Molemo ka ho Fetisisa ea ho Sebelisa Litaolo tse Tlase tsa Dropout
Ho khetha li-Capacitors bakeng sa botsitso
Ho khetha li-capacitor tse nepahetseng ho boloka molaoli oa hau a tsitsitse mme o qoba mathata. Li-capacitor tse kenyang le tse tsoang li thusa ho thibela lerata le ho boloka motlakase o tsitsitse. Ho etsa hore regulator ea hau e sebetse hantle:
Boloka bonyane 1 V e eketsehileng lipakeng tsa motlakase o kenang le o tsoang.
Khetha LDO e nang le sekhahla sa mojaro 1.5× ho feta kamoo ho hlokahalang.
Kenya lihloela ho tse kentsoeng kapa tlhahiso ho fokotsa lerata.
Sebelisa li-LDO tse peli kapa ho feta hammoho haeba ho na le lekhalo le lekaneng la motlakase.
Malebela ana a ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ho emisa litaba tse kang ho fetoha ha motlakase kapa ho hloka botsitso. Li-LDO tsa lerata le tlase li sebetsa hantle ka li-capacitor tse ntle, haholo-holo lipotolohong tse bobebe joalo ka litsamaiso tsa analog kapa RF.
Malebela a Moralo oa PCB ho Fokotsa Lerata le Mocheso
Sebopeho se setle sa PCB se thusa ho fokotsa lerata le mocheso, ho etsa hore molaoli oa hau o sebetse hantle. Latela mehato ena ho ntlafatsa moralo oa hau:
Boloka mesaletsa e khutšoanyane ho fokotsa khanyetso le mocheso.
Arola matšoao a potlakileng ho a liehang ho qoba tšitiso.
Sebelisa motheo o nepahetseng ho fokotsa lerata la electromagnetic (EMI).
Kenya li-filters tsa LC kapa tsa pi ho thibela lerata le phahameng haholo.
Khetha li-linear regulators bakeng sa ts'ebetso e khutsitseng empa rera ho laola mocheso.
Liphetoho tsena li etsa hore li-ultralow lerata tse laolang molumo li sebetse hantle le ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea matla. Sebopeho se setle le khetho ea likarolo ke senotlolo sa lipotoloho tse tšepahalang.
Ho Lekola le ho Lekola Liphetho tse Molemohali
Teko e etsa bonnete ba hore LDO ea hau e sebetsa hantle maemong a fapaneng. Litaolo tsa nakoana tsa thepa li hlahloba hore na molaoli o boloka motlakase o tsitsitse nakong ea liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mojaro.
Sebelisa li-pulse tsa hona joale tse potlakileng ho lekola maemo a sebele lefatšeng. Sena se thusa ho fumana mathata a kang ho theoha ha voltage kapa li-spikes. Sheba karabelo ea motlakase ea ho theoha le mojaro ho bona hore na molaoli o lumellana le moralo oa hau.
Teko ea khafetsa e ntlafatsa ts'epahalo mme e netefatsa hore molaoli oa hau o sebetsana le litlhoko tsa sejoale-joale tsa motlakase.
Li-regulator tse tlase li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho etsa hore lipotoloho li sebetse hantle. Li boloka motlakase o tsitsitse, li boloka matla, 'me li ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa. Ho fumana molemo ka ho fetisisa ho bona, khetha LDO e lumellanang le litlhoko tsa hau. Sheba likarolo tse kang motlakase o fokolang oa ho theoha, motlakase o tlaase oa ho phomola, le taolo e ntle ea mocheso.
Ho li sebelisa ka nepo, khetha li-capacitor tse nepahetseng 'me u rale meralo e makhethe ea PCB. Lekola potoloho ea hau maemong a nnete ho netefatsa hore e sebetsa ka ts'epo. Ka ho latela mehato ena, o ka haha litsamaiso tse matla le tse bolokang matla.
LBH
1. Hobaneng li-LDO li le molemo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke betri?
Li-LDO li thusa libeteri ho tšoarella nako e telele ka ho boloka matla. Li sebetsa hantle ka liphapang tse nyane tsa motlakase, tse fokotsang mocheso. Sena se etsa hore li phethahale bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse nkehang joaloka li-smartwatches le lisebelisoa tsa IoT.
2. U khetha LDO joang bakeng sa lipotoloho tse khutsitseng?
Khetha LDO e nang le lerata le tlase le PSRR e phahameng. Sheba lerata le tlase ho 1 µVRMS le PSRR ho feta 100 dB. Likarolo tsena li boloka mats'oao a hloekile lisebelisoa tse bobebe joalo ka liea-le-moea.
3. Na li-LDO li ka sebetsana le meroalo e meholo ea hona joale?
Ee, LDO tse ling li ka fana ka 1 A ea hajoale. Sheba datha ho tsamaisana le litlhoko tsa hajoale tsa sesebelisoa sa hau. Bakeng sa tšebeliso ea matla a holimo, khetha LDO tse nang le mekotla e matla ho laola mocheso.
4. Na li-LDO li hloka li-capacitor tse eketsehileng?
E, li-capacitor li thusa ho boloka motlakase o tsitsitse le ho thibela lerata. Sebelisa litekanyetso tsa capacitor tse hlahisitsoeng ka har'a database. Bakeng sa liphetho tse betere, kenya li-filters bakeng sa li-circuits tse hlokolosi.
5. U thibela LDO joang ho chesa haholo?
Sebelisa voltage scaling ho fokotsa tlhahiso ha ho chesa. Khetha li-LDO tse nang le likarolo tsa ho tima mocheso le liphutheloana tse ntle. PCB e entsoeng hantle e boetse e hasa mocheso ka ho lekana.
