Baakadaha qaybaha Chip waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah soo saarista qalabka semiconductor. Horumarka degdega ah ee tignoolajiyada, gaar ahaan SMT (Technology-Mount Technology), waxaa jira foomamka baakadaha badan ee loo isticmaalo warshadaha elektiroonigga ah. Qaar ka mid ah noocyada baakadaha, sida capacitors chip iyo resistors, waxay leeyihiin qiyaaso heersare ah, halka kuwa kale, gaar ahaan qaybaha IC, ay si joogto ah u kobcayaan. Baakadaha pin dhaqameedka waxaa si tartiib tartiib ah u bedelaya jiilal cusub oo ah foomamka baakadaha sida BGA (Ball Grid Array) iyo Flip Chip.
Noocyada Xidhmada Caadiga ah ee Chip-ga Caadiga ah
Waxaa jira 9 cabbir oo baakadaha inta badan loo isticmaalo caabiyeyaasha chip, oo ay matalaan laba nooc oo kood cabbir cabbir ah: Imperial (inji) iyo metric (milimitir). Koodhadhku waxay ka kooban yihiin 4 nambar, halkaasoo labada hore ay matalaan dhererka, labada dambena waxay matalaan ballaca qaybta. Halkan waxaa ah kala-goynta xirmooyinka caagga ah ee chip-ka caadiga ah:
| Xeerka Imperial | Xeerka cabbirka | Dhererka (L) | Ballaca (W) | Dhererka (t) | a (mm) | b (mm) |
| 0201 | 0603 | 0.60 ± 0.05 | 0.30 ± 0.05 | 0.23 ± 0.05 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | 0.15 ± 0.05 |
| 0402 | 1005 | 1.00 ± 0.10 | 0.50 ± 0.10 | 0.30 ± 0.10 | 0.20 ± 0.10 | 0.25 ± 0.10 |
| 0603 | 1608 | 1.60 ± 0.15 | 0.80 ± 0.15 | 0.40 ± 0.10 | 0.30 ± 0.20 | 0.30 ± 0.20 |
| 0805 | 2012 | 2.00 ± 0.20 | 1.25 ± 0.15 | 0.50 ± 0.10 | 0.40 ± 0.20 | 0.40 ± 0.20 |
| 1206 | 3216 | 3.20 ± 0.20 | 1.60 ± 0.15 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.50 ± 0.20 | 0.50 ± 0.20 |
| 1210 | 3225 | 3.20 ± 0.20 | 2.50 ± 0.20 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.50 ± 0.20 | 0.50 ± 0.20 |
| 1812 | 4832 | 4.50 ± 0.20 | 3.20 ± 0.20 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.50 ± 0.20 | 0.50 ± 0.20 |
| 2010 | 5025 | 5.00 ± 0.20 | 2.50 ± 0.20 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.60 ± 0.20 | 0.60 ± 0.20 |
| 2512 | 6432 | 6.40 ± 0.20 | 3.20 ± 0.20 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.60 ± 0.20 | 0.60 ± 0.20 |
Cabirradan ayaa muhiim u ah qaabeynta wareegyada, maadaama ay gacan ka geysanayaan go'aaminta ku habboonaanta qaybaha PCB (Guddiga Wareegga Daabacan) oo ay xaqiijiyaan in ay waafaqsan yihiin habka wax soo saarka.
Waraaqaha Matalaya Qaybaha Elektarooniga ah ee Caadiga ah
Naqshadaynta elektiroonigga ah, xarfo gaar ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa si ay u matalaan qaybaha caadiga ah ee PCB-ga, kuwaas oo tilmaamaya sifooyinkooda, polarity, ama shaqadooda. Hoos waxaa ku qoran liiska xarfaha iyo qaybaha u dhigma:
| Letter | Magaca Qeybta | Calaamadaha | Polarity ama jihada | Cutubka Cabbiraadda | function |
| R (RN/RP) | Resistors | Siddooyin midab leh | Haa | Ohms (Ω/KΩ/MΩ) | Xadka hadda |
| C | Capacitors | Midabada dhalaalaya, oo lagu calaamadeeyay DC/VDC/Pf/uF, iwm. | Qalabka korantada iyo tantalumku waxay leeyihiin jihada | Farads (pF/nF/uF) | Kharashka kaydka, xannibi DC, dhaaf AC |
| L | Inductors | Gariirad keli ah | Maya | Henry (uH/mH) | Ku kaydi tamarta goobta magnetic, xannibi DC oo gudbi AC |
| T | gudbiyeyaasha | Laba ama ka badan gariiradda | Haa | saamiga leexashada | Wuxuu nidaamiyaa tamarta iyo hadda AC |
| D ama CR | dioska- | Dhalo yar, hal giraan midab leh ayaa la calaamadeeyay | Haa | - | Oggolow in hadda uu u socdo hal jiho |
| Q | Transistors | Saddex biin, oo badanaa lagu calaamadeeyay 2Nxxx/DIP/SOT | Haa | - | Amplifier, loo isticmaalo sidii cod-weyneeye ama beddelaad |
| U | Isku-darka isku-dhafan | IC | Haa | - | Ururinta wareegyada badan |
| X ama Y | Crystal | Jirka birta, crystal afar-pin | Haa | Hertz (Hz) | Waxay abuurtaa inta jeer ee oscillation |
| F | fiyuuska | fiyuuska | Maya | Amps (A) | Ilaalinta culeyska xad dhaafka ah ee wareegga |
| S ama SW | Switch | Kiciya, badhanka riixa, nooca wareega, badanaa DIP | Haa | Tirada xiriirada | Wareegga-off |
| J ama P | isku xira | - | Haa | Tirada biinanka | Wuxuu ku xiraa guddiga wareegga |
| B ama BT | Battery | Tiirarka togan iyo kuwa taban, danab | Haa | Volts (V) | Waxay bixisaa hadda toos ah |
Xarfahan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu matalo qaybo kala duwan oo qabta hawlo kala duwan oo wareegga ah. Si sax ah loo aqoonsado iyo xulashada qaybahan ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah naqshadeynta wareegga iyo shaqada habboon ee alaabta elektiroonigga ah.
cajiibpcb Qalabka DFM ee Horumarinta Alaabta Elektarooniga ah
Qalabka "wenderfulpcb DFM" waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu wanaajiyo naqshadeynta iyo habka wax soo saarka ee alaabta elektiroonigga ah. Waxay ka caawisaa isticmaalayaasha si dhakhso leh oo hufan inay u wanaajiyaan hufnaanta shaqada, soo gaabin wareegga R&D, yaraynta kharashyada horumarinta alaabta, iyo kor u qaadida tayada alaabta. Adigoo isticmaalaya cajiibpcb DFM, soosaarayaasha warshadaha elektiroonigga ah waxay hagaajin karaan naqshadahooda iyo geeddi-socodkooda horumarineed, kordhinta wax soo saarka, oo ay gaaraan qiimo dhimis weyn. Qalabku wuxuu fududeeyaa is dhexgalka aan kala go 'lahayn ee qaybaha kala duwan, hubinta in alaabta elektiroonigga ah ay la kulmaan heerarka warshadaha iyadoo ay sii ahaanayaan kharash-ool ah.
