A resistor chikamu chiri nyore chemagetsi chinoshandiswa mumaseketi. Iyo inogadzirisa kuti yakawanda sei ikozvino inoyerera uye inoshandura voltage mazinga. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti dunhu rishande zvisina ngozi uye zvakakodzera. Semuenzaniso, resistors mune voltage divider inogovera voltage. Izvi zvinobvumira zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvebasa redunhu sezvazvinofanira kuita. Nezvikamu zvakapfava senge maLED, zvinopikisa zvinodzikisira zvazvino. Izvi zvinomisa kupisa kana kukanganisa. Pasina resistors, maseketi haakwanise kudzora simba zvakanaka. Izvo zvakakosha pakuita kuti matunhu ashande zvakavimbika.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Resistors gadzirisa kuti yakawanda sei yemagetsi ikozvino inofamba mumasekete. Vanodzivirira nhengo dzakapfava senge maLED kubva mukukuvadza.
Pane zvakasiyana resistors, yakafanana neyakagadziriswa uye yakasiyana. Rudzi rwega rwega rune basa rakakosha mumaseketi, saka kutora rakakodzera kwakakosha.
Mutemo waOhm unokubatsira kuwana iyo chaiyo resistor kukosha. Izvi zvinochengetedza maseketi ako akachengeteka uye achishanda nemazvo.
Chii chinonzi Resistor uye Mabasa Ayo
Chii chinonzi resistor?
Resistor idiki asi chikamu chakakosha mumagetsi. Inoderedza magetsi emagetsi kudzivirira zvimwe zvikamu. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvichengetedzeke kubva kune zvakawandisa zvazvino. Resistors zvakare inodzora voltage kuitira kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chiwane simba rakakodzera. Semuenzaniso, mumaseketi e LED, zvinopikisa zvinomira kupisa nekudzikamisa ikozvino. Pasina zvinopikisa, masekete aisazoshanda nemazvo kana zvakachengeteka.
Chii chinoita resistors mumasekete?
Resistors vane mabasa mazhinji akakosha mumaseketi. Ivo vanodzora ikozvino, vanogadzirisa voltage, uye vanogovana simba zvakaenzana. Mumasekete akafanana, anobatsira ikozvino kuyerera nemazvo nemapazi. Resistors zvakare inochengetedza voltage kune yakagadzikana simba. Vanogona kushandura mapinduriro anoita masekete, senge mumanzwi kana masaini masisitimu. Resistors anoshandiswa mumagetsi divider kupatsanura voltage kuita zvikamu zvidiki. Vanoderedzawo ruzha kana vachishandiswa ne capacitors kana inductors.
Sei resistors zvakakosha mumasekete?
Resistors zvakakosha zvikuru pakuvaka matunhu. Vanoisa mazinga ekushivirira, ayo anokanganisa kuti dunhu rakavimbika sei. Kushivirira kunogona kubva ku ± 20% kusvika kune chaiyo se ± 1%. Resistors anobatawo kupisa kuchengetedza masekete akachengeteka kubva pakupisa. Vanoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma, senge mumotokari, nekuti vanobata shanduko yekushisa. The mavara mabhandi pane resistors ita kuti zvive nyore kuziva. Zvingave zviri munhevedzano kana ega, zvinopikisa zvinochengeta masekete akagadzikana uye achishanda nemazvo.
Mashandiro Anoita Resistors
Nheyo yekupikisa uye Mutemo waOhm
Kupikisa kunoderedza kuyerera kwemagetsi. Funga nezvazvo sechipingamupinyi chinoita kuti zviomere maerekitironi kufamba mudunhu. Mutemo waOhm ipfungwa yakakosha yekunzwisisa vanopikisa. Inoratidza kuti voltage, ikozvino, uye kuramba zvakabatanidzwa sei. Formula ndeiyi:V = I × R.
Heino muenzaniso wekutsanangura:
Shandisa dunhu rine resistor uye simba sosi.
Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera voltage kubva ku0V kusvika ku10V.
Eresa ikozvino uye girafu zvabuda.
Girafu icharatidza mutsara wakatwasuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ikozvino inokura zvakaenzana nemagetsi kana kuramba kukaramba kwakafanana. Uyu mutemo unobatsira kufanotaura kuti resistors vanoita sei mumasekete.
Maresitorendi anodzora sei ikozvino uye voltage
Resistors anobatsira kubata zvazvino uye voltage mumaseketi. Kuwedzera resistor kunogona kudzikamisa ikozvino kuchengetedza zvikamu zvakaita se LEDs. Semuenzaniso, 1kΩ resistor inochengeta LED yakachengeteka nekudzora iripo.
Resistors zvakare kupatsanura voltage mudunhu. Mune voltage divider, maviri resistors anogovera voltage. Izvi zvinopa chaiwo voltages kune akasiyana mativi. Izvi zvinobatsira mumidziyo yakaita se sensors inoda chaiyo voltage mazinga.
Hukama pakati pekupokana, ikozvino, uye kupera simba
Resistance, ikozvino, uye simba dissipation zvakabatanidzwa mumasekete. Kuparara kwemagetsi kunoitika kana zvinopikisa zvinoshandura simba remagetsi kuita kupisa. Formula ndeiyi:P = V^2 / R.
Semuenzaniso, kana resistor ine 10V uye 20Ω kuramba, inobvisa 5W yesimba. Kupisa uku kunofanira kudzorwa kuti kusakuvadzwa.
Kupikisa kunokanganisawo ikozvino. Kupeta kaviri kuramba kunocheka ikozvino nepakati. Halving resistance inowedzera zvazvino. Kuziva izvi zvinongedzo kunobatsira kugadzira akachengeteka uye anoshanda maseketi.
Aina dze Resistors
Resistors inouya mumhando dzakasiyana kune chaiyo yedunhu zvinodiwa. Kuziva mhando idzi kunokubatsira kusarudza chaiyo.
Fixed resistors uye mabasa avo
Fixed resistors vane set resistance isingachinji. Iwo akavimbika kune masekete anoda kusimba kuramba. Mhando dzakajairwa dzinosanganisira kabhoni kuumbwa, wirewound, nhete firimu, uye gobvu firimu resistors. Carbon film resistors inoshandiswa mune zvekuteerera. Wirewound resistors inobata simba rakakwirira mumaseketi eindasitiri. Aya ma resistors anoshanda nemazvo kunyangwe nekuchinja voltage kana tembiricha.
Tip: Shandisa zvigadziriso zvakagadziriswa zvemaseketi anoda kugadzikana maitiro ekupikisa.
Variable resistors uye kushandiswa kwavo
Variable resistors inokutendera kuti uchinje kuramba kana zvichidikanwa. Anowanikwa mumaredhiyo nemaodhiyo masisitimu. Potentiometers inogadzirisa vhoriyamu kana tune maseketi. Rheostats inodzora ikozvino mumamotor. Multi-turn potentiometers inobvumira kugadzirisa chaiko. Trimpots inobatsira kunyatso-tune masekete panguva yekuenzanisa.
Variable resistors yakanakira kugadzirisa voltage kana kuvandudza mashandiro edunhu.
Linear vs. non-linear resistors
Linear resistors ane chinongedzo chakatsiga pakati pevoltage neazvino. Non-linear resistors, sevaristors, vanoita zvakasiyana. Ivo vanodzikisa kushorwa panguva yemagetsi spikes kuchengetedza maseketi. Linear resistors akanakira mabasa akatsiga. Non-linear resistors zviri nani pakuchengetedza-yakakosha kushandiswa.
mamiriro | Linear Resistors | Non-linear Resistors |
|---|---|---|
Mhinduro kuInput | Zvinofungidzirwa | Shanduko pane dzimwe nzvimbo |
Input-Output Behavior | Kuwedzera kwakadzikama | Kusagadzikana kuyera |
Specialty resistors (semuenzaniso, thermistors, light-dependent resistors)
Specialty resistors inobata kune shanduko mune zvakatipoteredza. Thermistors inoshandura kupikisa nekushisa, inobatsira mune thermostats. Chiedza-chinotsamira resistors (LDRs) gadzirisa kuramba zvichienderana nechiedza, chakanakira mwenje otomatiki. Izvi zvinopikisa zvinogadzirwa kune zvakakosha zvedunhu zvinodiwa.
Specialty resistors ndiwo kiyi yemaseketi anoda kuchinjika kuramba.
Zvishandiso zveResistors muElectronics
Voltage dividers uye basa ravo mumasekete
Voltage dividers ndi kushandiswa kwakajairika kune resistors. Vanopatsanura rimwe voltage kuita madiki emaseketi. Semuenzaniso, neiyo 24V inopa, maviri anopikisa anogona kuita 12V kana 5V. Izvi zvinobatsira kune zvishandiso senge ma sensors anoda chaiwo voltages.
Heano maitiro azvinoita: maviri resistors munhevedzano anogovera voltage. Kudonha kwevoltage kunotsamira pane imwe neimwe resistor kukosha. Semuenzaniso, ine 20Ω uye 40Ω resistor pane 12V inopihwa, yekutanga inodonha 4V, uye yechipiri inodonha 8V. Izvi zvinoita kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chiwane voltage chaiyo.
Ikozvino kudzikisira mumaseketi e LED
Resistors inodzivirira ma LED nekudzora kuyerera kwazvino. Ma LED akapfava uye anoda yakaderera ikozvino kuti ashande zvakachengeteka. Pasina chinopikisa, LED inogona kupisa uye kuputsa. Semuenzaniso, yebhuruu LED inoda 3.2V pa20mA. Kana iyo magetsi ichipa 12V, chinopikisa chinodzikisa yakawedzera voltage. Uchishandisa Mutemo waOhm, unogona kuwana iyo chaiyo resistor kukosha. A 470Ω resistor, semuenzaniso, inochengeta iripo pa18.7mA, ichidzivirira iyo LED.
Dhonza-kumusoro uye kudhonza-pasi resistors mumaseketi edhijitari
Dhonza-kumusoro uye kudhonza-pasi resistors ndiwo akakosha mumaseketi edhijitari. Vanoisa mapini ekupinza kune yakajeka voltage kana pasina chiratidzo chiripo. Inodhonza-up resistor inobatanidza pini kune yakakwira voltage (logic 1). Inodhonza-pasi resistor inobatanidza iyo pasi (logic 0). Izvi zvinomisa zvinoyangarara zvinopinda, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa. Kusarudza iyo chaiyo resistor kukosha yakakosha kune yakagadzikana masaini uye kuchengetedza simba.
Kuyera ikozvino uye voltage mumaseketi
Resistors anobatsira kuyera ikozvino uye voltage mumasekete. Uchishandisa Mutemo waOhm, unogona kuwana ikozvino kana voltage kana kuramba uye kukosha kumwe kuchizivikanwa. MumaLab, resistors anoshandiswa ane ammeters uye voltmeters kuratidza izvi. Semuenzaniso, kushandura voltage pane resistor uye yekuyera ikozvino inosimbisa kuramba kwayo. Iyi nzira inobatsira pakugadzira nekugadzirisa matunhu.
Resistors akakosha mumaseketi ekugadzirisa ikozvino uye voltage. Vanobatsira kuti zvikamu zvishande zvakachengeteka uye nemazvo. Kune marudzi akasiyana, seakagadziriswa, akasiyana, uye akasiyana-siyana resistors. Mhando yega yega inoshandiswa kumabasa akaita sekupatsanura voltage kana kudzikisira ikozvino.
Kuti usarudze resistor, tevera matanho aya:
Wana kukosha kwekupikisa kwaunoda.
Tarisa kushivirira kwekururama.
Tarisa kuyera kwesimba kuti urege kupisa.
Ongorora kugadzikana kwekushisa.
Sarudza mhando yakakodzera yedunhu rako.
Nekuziva matanho aya, unogona kuvaka matunhu anoshanda zvakanaka uye anogara kwenguva refu.
FAQ
Chii chinoitika kana iwe ukashandisa iyo isiriyo resistor kukosha mudunhu?
Kushandisa chidziviriro chisina kunaka chinogona kukuvadza dunhu rako. Inogona kukonzera kupisa kana kupa voltage isiriyo. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa zvikamu. Nguva dzose shandisa Mutemo weOhm kuti uwane kukosha kwakakodzera.
Unoziva sei kukosha kweanopikisa?
Resistors vane mavara mabhendi kuratidza kukosha kwavo. Shandisa chati yekodhi yemavara kuti uverenge. Izvi zvinokubatsira kuti uwane kuramba zviri nyore.
Tip: Zvishandiso zvepamhepo zvinoita kuti kuverenga kunopikisa kuve nekukasira uye nyore.
Ko resistors angakundikana nekufamba kwenguva?
Hongu, zvinopikisa zvinogona kumira kushanda. Kupisa kana kukuvara kunogona kukonzera kukundikana. Sarudza resistors neiyo chaiyo simba reti uye kushivirira. Izvi zvinovabatsira kuti vagare kwenguva yakareba mumasekete ako.
