Electric motokari michina inoda inokosha pcb mhinduro kuti nani kuchengeteka uye kuvimbika. Mainjiniya ane basa rakawanda sezvo masisitimu emotokari anowedzera kuoma kuvaka. Multi-layer pcb magadzirirwo uye zvinhu zvitsva zvava kudiwa kupisa kudzora uye simba. Mamwe matambudziko akajairika isimba rakakura, kupisa kwakanyanya kana kutonhora, uye nzvimbo diki. Vagadziri vanofanirwa kugadzirisa nyaya senge vibration, kuvhunduka, ngura, uye kukanganiswa kwemagetsi. Izvi zvinobatsira ev yega yega kusangana nemitemo yakaoma yemotokari uye inotsigira kukurumidza kukura kwemota dzepamberi pasirese.
Zvitsva Zvitsva
Ita kuti ma EV PCB ave akasimba zvakakwana kuti akwanise kushanda nesimba rakawanda uye kupisa. Shandisa zvinhu zvakakosha uye marongero azvo kuti zvirambe zvakachengeteka uye zvichishanda zvakanaka.
Isa zvikamu munzvimbo dzakakodzera kuti udzore kupisa. Izvi zvinobatsirawo kumisa kupindira uye kuita kuti bhodhi rishande zvirinani.
Shandisa multi-layer uye high-density PCBs kuchengetedza nzvimbo. Izvi zvinobatsira masaini kugara akajeka uye anotsigira yakaoma EV masisitimu.
Tevedzera mitemo yakasimba yemotokari uye edza maPCB zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nechokwadi kuti dzakanaka, dzakachengeteka, uye dzinogara kwenguva refu.
Shandisa nzira nyowani dzekuvaka, senge SMT uye otomatiki cheki. Izvi zvinobatsira kuita maEV PCB anoshanda nemazvo uye asingadhure zvakanyanya.
EV PCB Dhizaini
Simba Density uye High-Yazvino Nzira
Tekinoroji yemotokari dzemagetsi inoda mabhodhi emagetsi akadhindwa anogona kubata simba rakawanda uye simba remagetsi. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekugadzira maPCB emotokari kuti vachengetedzeke uye vavimbike. Maturikirwo emagetsi ekugadzirisa mabhatiri anoda kuronga nzira dzine simba remagetsi rakawanda. Izvi zvinomisa kupisa zvakanyanya uye zvinochengetedza simba remagetsi rakaderera.
Thermal management yakakosha zvikuru. Zvinhu zvakakodzera uye marongero anobatsira kutamisa kupisa kure. Izvi zvinochengetedza bhatiri nezvimwe zvikamu zvakachengeteka.
Masimba makuru uye ndege dzepasi dzinobatsira kudzikira ikozvino density uye kuramba. Izvi zvinoita kuti conductivity ive nani uye inoderedza kukanganiswa kwe electromagnetic.
Kufambisa kunofanirwa kuchengetedza ma-high-voltage uye low-voltage masaini akaparadzana, kunyanya pasi pema transformer. Izvi zvinoderedza mukana wekupindira uye matambudziko emagetsi.
Chimiro chechikamu chinofanira kubatsira kupisa kusimuka uye kumisa kupindira.
High-insulation zvinhu uye nzvimbo yakanaka inomisa kuparara kwemagetsi. Dziviriro maseketi senge overcurrent uye pfupi-circuit dziviriro inowedzera kuchengeteka.
Electromagnetic inoenderana dhizaini inoshandisa pasi uye kudzivirira kune zvikamu zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa. Mafirita akaita seLC neRC mhando anobatsira kuvharisa ruzha rwepamusoro-frequency.
Zano: Shandisa mafuse ane mwero wakaderera pane wiring netrace current nguva dzose. Izvi zvinodzivirira bhatiri nesystem kuti zvisakuvadzwe.
Automotive pcb dhizaini motokari dzemagetsi anofanira kugadzirisa matambudziko aya. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti mapuranga asangane nemitemo yakasimba yemotokari uye ashande zvakanaka nguva dzose.
Component Placement uye Layout
Kwaunoisa zvinoriumba zvinokanganisa zvese kupisa nemagetsi kuita mumotokari pcb dhizaini. Iyo bhatiri manejimendi system inoda smart marongero sarudzo kuchengetedza bhatiri kutonhorera uye masaini akajeka. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti mainjiniya anoisa zvikamu anochinja kupisa kuyerera uye parasitic inductance mumabhodhi emotokari yemagetsi.
Usaunganidza zvikamu zvemagetsi pedyo zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinomisa hotspots uye zvinobatsira kupisa kusimuka, zvichiita kuti bhodhi riwedzere kuvimbika.
Isa zvikamu zvekugadzira kupisa, senge magetsi transistors, padyo nemasinji ekupisa kana thermal vias. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora bhatiri uye system tembiricha.
Ita nzira dzepamusoro-soro dzipfupi uye dzakafara. Izvi zvinoderedza kuramba uye inductance, zvichiita kuti magetsi aite zviri nani.
Isa zvikamu zvakakwirira-zvino kutanga. Izvi zvinoita kuti shuwa maronda akaenzana saizi uye inochengeta parasitic mhedzisiro yakaderera.
Chengeta zvikamu zvemagetsi zviri pedyo pamwe chete. Mapfupi anoteedzera anoreva kushomeka kwemagetsi kukanganiswa uye kushoma kwe impedance kusvetuka.
Ita iyo loop nzvimbo ye high switching ikozvino nzira diki. Isa nzira dzazvino uye dzekudzoka padivi peumwe neumwe kutema voltage spikes uye kupindira.
Kupatsanura matunhu nezvavanoita. Isa analog control zvikamu zvekupedzisira kuchengetedza nzvimbo uye kuchengetedza masaini akachengeteka.
Yemotokari pcb dhizaini mitemo inoratidza matanho aya. Ivo vanobatsira nekufambisa, kupindira kwepasi, uye kutsigira azvino mabhatiri manejimendi masisitimu.
Signal Kutendeseka uye EMI
Kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwemasaini mukugadzirwa kwemaPCB emotokari kwakakosha zvikuru pakuchengetedza uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Masisitimu ane simba guru uye zvishandiso zvisina waya mumaEV zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya ma electromagnetic. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kushandisa mitemo yepamusoro kuchengetedza masaini anonzwa uye kuchengetedza zvinhu zvichishanda zvakanaka.
High-voltage powertrains uye RF modules inokonzeresa kupindira kwakanyanya mumabhodhi emotokari yemagetsi.
EMI yekudzivirira zvinhu, senge aruminiyamu kana mhangura, vhara kana kutamisa minda yemagetsi kure.
Nzira dzekugadzika, senge-single-point grounding uye akawanda-layer pasi ndege, misa pasi zvishwe uye kuvuza.
Kusefa, semasefa epasi-pasi uye mabhero eferrite, kunovharira ruzha rwepamusoro-soro. Decoupling capacitor padhuze neIC simba pini chengetedza voltage uye inovhara ruzha.
Mitemo yekugadzira PCB inoti kuchengeta mitsetse yakaparadzana kudzikisa crosstalk. Tsanangudzo pfupi dzinoita zvishoma kunge antenna. Isa mativi ane ruzha kure nemasekete anonzwira tsitsi. Shandisa akawanda-layer stackups ane yakakosha pasi uye ndege dzemagetsi kune inodzorwa impedance.
Cherechedza: Kuongororwa kwekutevedzera EMC kunodiwa nguva dzose. Sezvo tekinoroji ichichinja, mainjiniya anofanirwa kugadzirisa dhizaini yavo yePCB yemotokari kuti vamise kupindira kutsva uye varambe vakagwinya.
Automotive pcb dhizaini yebhatiri manejimendi masisitimu uye mamwe maEV mashandisirwo anofanira kutevedzera iyi mitemo. Izvi zvinoita kuti mapuranga ave akachengeteka, akavimbika, uye anoshanda zvakanaka.
Thermal Management muMagetsi Vehicle PCBs
Zvishandiso zvekubvisa Kupisa
Kutarisira kupisa kwakakosha zvikuru mu tekinoroji yemagetsi yePCB yemotokari. Mainjiniya anosarudza zvinhu zvinobatsira kubvisa kupisa kubva kumasekete akakosha uye masisitimu emabhatiri. Mhangura nearuminiyamu zvakanaka pakuisa kupisa nekuti zvinoparadzira kupisa nekukurumidza. Masisitimu mazhinji ekutarisira mabhatiri anoshandisa zvidimbu zvemhangura zvakakora, dzimwe nguva kusvika 20oz, kubatsira kuparadzira kupisa uye kumisa kuzvidziisa. Mhando dzakasarudzika dzeFR-4 uye polyimide laminates dzinogona kubata kupisa kwakanyanya uye hadziputsike nyore. Zvinhu izvi zvinochengetedza bhatiri rakachengeteka uye zvinobatsira tekinoroji kuti igare kwenguva refu.
Thermal vias pasi pezvikamu zvinopisa zvinobatsira kufambisa kupisa kune mukati mezvikamu kana kupisa sinks. Conformal coatings, sesilicone kana polyurethane, inodzivirira bhodhi kubva pakupisa uye kumwe kukanganisa. Mainjiniya vanowanzo shandisa tafura kuenzanisa zvinhu zvekutonga kwakanaka kwekupisa:
zvinhu | Kupisa Kwepamusoro (°C) | Heat Conductivity | Kushandisa Kwakajairika |
|---|---|---|---|
Polyimide | > 250 | High | Bhatiri, simba PCBs |
Heavy Copper | > 200 | Pamusoro soro | Simba, nzira dzebhatiri |
aruminiyamu | > 150 | High | Kupisa kunonyura |
Zano: Gara uchitora zvinhu zvinokwana bhatiri uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa kuti utarise zvakanyanya kupisa.
Dhizaini yeKunyanya Kupisa
Motokari dzemagetsi PCB dzinoda kushanda munzvimbo dzose dzinopisa uye dzinotonhora. Mainjiniya vanoita shanduko kune dhizaini kuti varambe vachishanda nemazvo:
Tora yakakwira Tg laminates, senge polyimide, uye solder inogona kutora kupisa kwakanyanya. Shandisa zvikamu uye machira asingakuvadzi nekupisa.
Wedzera kupisa sinks uye thermal vias kuti uendese kupisa kure nebhatiri uye masimba emagetsi. Shandisa mhangura dzakakora kuti dzibatsire kuparadzira kupisa zviri nani.
Ita hupamhi hwekutsvaga uye nzvimbo dzakakura zvakakwana kune mafungu akakwirira. Vaka yakasimba vias uye machisa zvinhu mhando kumisa kushushikana uye peeling.
Edzai mabhodhi nekudziisa nekutonhodza kakawanda. Tarisa kuti anoshanda zvakanaka mukupisa kwese.
Aya matanho anobatsira mabhatiri masisitimu uye tekinoroji kugara yakachengeteka uye ichishanda nemazvo. Kutonga kwakanaka kwemafuta kunoita kuti zvigadziriswe uye sarudzo dzekugadzira dzichengetedze magetsi emotokari yemagetsi mune chero mamiriro ekunze.
Zvishandiso zveEV PCBs
High-Temperature Substrates
Mainjiniya vanosarudza ma substrate anodziya zvakanyanya emota dzemagetsi dzepcb. Zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira kuti mabhodhi agare kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzakaoma. Polyimide isarudzo yepamusoro nekuti inogona kutora kupisa kwakawanda. Haiputsike nekukurumidza. FR-4 ine girazi rekuchinja tembiricha (Tg) isarudzo yakanakawo kune akawanda ma pcb boards. Ma ceramic substrate, senge aluminium oxide , anogona kubata kupisa kwakawanda uye kugara akasimba.
A simba substrate anochengeta pcb akachengeteka panguva inopisa uye kutonhora kutenderera. Inomisa bhodhi kubva pakukotama kana kuputika. Mainjiniya vanotarisa zvinhu zvakasiyana vasati vasarudza. Tafura iri pazasi inodonongodza dzimwe sarudzo dzakajairika:
Substrate Type | Kupisa Kwepamusoro (°C) | Kubatsirwa |
|---|---|---|
Polyimide | > 250 | Yakakwirira inochinjika |
High-Tg FR-4 | 150-180 | Cost-inoshanda |
Aluminium oxide | > 300 | Superior kugadzikana |
Zano: Nguva dzose sarudza substrate yakakodzera yezvinodiwa zvinopisa zvebhodhi. Izvi zvinobatsira bhodhi kushanda zvakanaka kwenguva yakareba.
Surface Finishes uye Coatings
Surface anopedza kuchengeta pcb mapuranga akachengeteka kubva ngura uye kubatsira pamwe soldering. Mainjiniya anoshandisa magumo akasiyana kune izvi. ENIG inopa nzvimbo yakatsetseka uye kudzivirira kwakasimba. HASL inoisa danda re solder pamatehwe emhangura kuti dzidzivirire. OSP inoshandisa organic layer kumisa mhangura kubva kuita ngura.
Coatings anopa imwe dziviriro. Conformal coatings, sesilicone kana acrylic, inovhara bhodhi rose. Aya machira anovhara mvura, huruva, uye makemikari. Mainjiniya vanotora machira zvichienderana nekuti bhodhi richashandiswa kupi.
ENIG: Yakanakira zvidiki, zvikamu zvepedyo.
HASL: Yakanakira kushandiswa kwakawanda uye kuchengetedza mari.
OSP: Nyore uye zvirinani kune zvakatipoteredza.
Yakanaka pamusoro anopedza uye coatings kubatsira pcb mapuranga kugara kwenguva refu. Vanochengeta mapuranga achishanda zvakanaka mumotokari dzemagetsi.
Zvemotokari PCB Mitemo
Hunhu uye Kuvimbika Zvinodiwa
Mainjiniya emotokari anofanira kutevedzera mitemo yakaoma. Mitemo iyi inoita kuti bhodhi rega rega redunhu rive remhando yepamusoro. Mutemo weIPC-A-610 Class 3 ndiwo mutemo mukuru wekugadzira PCB yemotokari. Mutemo uyu unotsanangura mashandiro anofanira kuitwa mabhodhi edunhu mumotokari. Unotarisa pakuita kuti dzive dzakasimba uye dzikwanise kugara kwenguva yakareba. Mainjiniya anoshandisawo IPC-2221B kubatsira nehupamhi hwetrace, spacing, uye layout. Mitemo iyi inobatsira kumisa matambudziko munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Mabhodhi mumotokari anofanirwa kushanda nekuzununguka kwakawanda, mabumps, uye shanduko huru yekushisa. Kuvimbika bvunzo tarisa makatsemuka, ngura, uye isina simba solder majoini. Mutemo weAEC-Q100 unotarisa kana zvikamu zvemagetsi zvakanaka kumotokari. Iyi bvunzo inoita kuti bhodhi rega rega rinobatsira kuchengetedza vanhu. Mainjiniya vanonyora nhanho dzese kuratidza kuti vanotevedzera mitemo.
Ongorora: Kushandisa iyi mitemo kunobatsira mainjiniya kuita kuti mota dzive dzakachengeteka uye dzakachengeteka.
Certification yekuchengetedza
Chengetedzo chitupa chakakosha mumotokari PCB dhizaini. ISO 26262 ndiwo mutemo mukuru wekuchengetedza mumotokari dzemagetsi. Mutemo uyu unotsanangura kuti mapuranga ematunhu anobatsira sei kuchengetedza motokari. Mainjiniya anofanirwa kuratidza bhodhi rega rega rinosangana nemitemo yese yekuchengetedza uye yekuchengetedza.
Certification zvinoreva miyedzo yakawanda uye cheki. Vatariri vanova nechokwadi chekuti bhodhi rinotevera mutemo wese. Vanotsvaka zvinhu zvingakuvadza motokari kana vanhu. Kupasa bvunzo idzi kunoratidza bhodhi rinobatsira kuchengetedza munhu wese.
Standard | Nzvimbo yekutarisa | Kushandisa motokari |
|---|---|---|
IPC-A-610 | Kuongorora kwemhando yepamusoro | Mabhodhi ose edunhu |
ISO 26262 | Kushanda kuchengetedza | Masystem ekuchengetedza |
AEC-Q100 | Kuvimbika kuyedzwa | Zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa |
IPC-2221B | Mazano ekugadzira | PCB mamisirwo |
Mainjiniya emotokari anoshandisa mitemo iyi kuchengetedza vatyairi nevatyairi. Kusangana nemayero aya kunoita kuti dhizaini yega yega yePCB yakachengeteka, yakachengeteka, uye inogara kwenguva yakareba.
Manufacturing for Safe Electric Vehicles
SMT uye Automated Assembly
Surface Mount Technology (SMT) uye otomatiki kusangana kwakakosha mukugadzira mota dzePCB. Idzi nzira dzinobatsira mainjiniya kugadzira mabhodhi akachengeteka uye anoshanda nemazvo mumotokari dzemagetsi. SMT inoita kuti mainjiniya aise zvikamu pamativi ese ePCB. Izvi zvinoita kuti bhodhi rive duku uye rive nyore. Otomatiki michina inoisa uye solder zvikamu zvine huchokwadi hukuru. Izvi zvinobatsira kuita zvikanganiso zvishoma uye kuchengetedza mabhodhi akafanana nguva dzese.
Tafura iri pazasi inonyora makuru akanaka uye akaipa mapoinzi eSMT uye otomatiki gungano remota PCBs:
Kuonekwa | Benefits | Nokuremara | Mhinduro/Zvinyorwa |
|---|---|---|---|
Performance & Mutengo | High performance; zvinodhura-zvinobudirira zvikamu uye gungano | N / A | SMT inogonesa kukurumidza prototyping uye yakakwirira-vhoriyamu kugadzirwa |
Dhizaina Shanduko | Inotsigira hybrid SMT uye kuburikidza-gomba madhizaini; zvikamu kumativi ose ePCB; compact marongerwo | N / A | Inogonesa yakaoma multilayer PCBs uye zvigadziriso zvimiro |
Kugadzikana & Kusimba | Yakavandudza PCB kugadzikana pasi pekudengenyeka uye kupisa bhasikoro; 30% yakakwirira kusimba mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma | Solder majoini anogona kupera simba pasi pekupisa kwekushushikana | Shandisa zvemhando yepamusoro solder zvinhu uye kushushikana kuyedzwa |
Repairability | N / A | Kupatsanurana kwemutobvu kudiki kunonetsa kugadzirisa; inoda maturusi ekuongorora epamusoro seX-ray kana AOI | Isai mari mumatekinoroji ekuongorora; yakasimba PCB dhizaini kuderedza kugadzirisa zvinodiwa |
Component Kukodzera | Inokodzera zvikamu zvakawanda kunze kwekupisa-kupisa kana kurema-mutoro | Hazvina kukodzera kune zvikamu zvinounza kupisa kwakanyanya kana mitoro yemagetsi | Sanganisa SMT ne-kuburikidza-gomba zvikamu zvemasanganiswa madhizaini |
Assembly Precision | Otomatiki chikamu alignment kuburikidza solder pamusoro tension; kunyatsosarudza soldering | N / A | Advanced soldering maitiro anovandudza kuvimbika |
Saizi Yemudziyo & Huremu | Inogonesa compact, lightweight zvishandiso nekuisa zvinhu pamativi ese | N / A | Yakanakira nzvimbo-yakamanikidzwa maapplication seEVs |
Electromagnetic Kuenderana | Yakavandudzwa EMC nekuda kwekudzikisa lead inductance, kuderedza EMI | N / A | Inosangana nemirairo inosimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa |
SMT inobatsira kuchengetedza mari uye inoita kuti mabhodhi ashande zvirinani. Mainjiniya dzimwe nguva anoshandisa ese SMT uye kuburikidza-gomba zvikamu pamwechete. Izvi zvinobatsira kana zvimwe zvikamu zvinoda kubata zvakanyanya kupisa kana simba.
Kuongorora uye Kudzora Kwemhando
Kuongorora nekudzora mhando kunoita kuti PCB yega yega yemotokari ive yakachengeteka uye inoshanda zvakanaka. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) inotarisa matambudziko akadai sezvikamu zviri panzvimbo isiriyo kana solder isipo. AOI inogona kuwana matambudziko madiki, kunyangwe madiki se0.1mm. Izvi zvinobatsira mainjiniya kugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza uye kuchengetedza mari nekuderedza kugadzirisa patsva.
AOI inodzikisira kukosha kwekuti vanhu vatarise mabhodhi kusvika pa40%. Izvi zvinoita kuti mapuranga ekuvaka akurumidze uye akachipa.
Reflow soldering inoita majoini akasimba anoshanda zvakanaka kune akakwira-azvino masisitimu.
Wave soldering yakanaka kune-kuburikidza-maburi zvikamu uye inopa hukama hwakasimba hwekushandisa-simba guru.
Makambani anoita AOI, reflow, uye wave soldering pamwe chete anobatsira kuchengetedza mhando yepamusoro uye mutengo wakaderera.
Vagadziri vemota dzePCB vanoshandisa macheki aya kuchengetedza mota dzemagetsi dzakachengeteka. Kudzora kwemhando padanho rega rega kunobatsira mabhodhi kugara akavimbika uye kusangana nemitemo yakaoma yeindasitiri yemotokari.
Compact uye Multi-Layer EV PCBs
Miniaturization uye Lightweight Dhizaini
EV mainjiniya anoshanda kugadzira mabhodhi madiki uye akareruka. Vane matambudziko pakuderera pcb saizi. Simba guru uye kupisa zvinogona kukuvadza mapuranga maduku. Zvakaoma kudzora kukanganiswa kwemagetsi kana zvikamu zvave pedyo. Kuisa zvikamu zvakawanda newaya munzvimbo diki kunetse.
Yakakwirira-simba pcbs inobatsira kubata kwakawanda kupisa uye ikozvino munzvimbo dzakasimba.
Zvishandiso zvitsva uye manejimendi akanaka ekupisa anochengeta mabhodhi akachengeteka.
High-Density Interconnect (HDI) tekinoroji inoshandisa lasers uye microvias. Izvi zvinoita kuti masekete akawanda akwane munzvimbo shoma uye masaini arambe akasimba.
Automation inobatsira, asi kugadzira mabhodhi akaomeswa eHDI kunoda kunyatsoronga.
Mainjiniya anoshandisa ese ari pasherufu uye akasarudzika zvikamu. Musanganiswa uyu unobatsira kusangana nebasa uye zvinangwa zvenguva refu.
Zano: Mainjiniya vanofanira kugara vachitarisa kana pcb inogona kubata simba uye kupisa isati yapedza kugadzira.
Multi-Layer uye High-Density Interconnects
Multi-layer mabhodhi akakosha mune itsva ev masisitimu. Aya mabhodhi anoita kuti mainjiniya akwane mamwe maseketi uye zvikamu munzvimbo diki. Izvi zvinodikanwa mumotokari dzemagetsi, uko nzvimbo uye uremu hunokosha zvakanyanya. Multi-layer pcbs anoitawo magetsi kuita nani. Matanho ari pedyo anobatsira masaini kufamba nekukurumidza uye kuita kuti mapuranga ave akavimbika.
Mamwe maseru anopa mainjiniya ekuwedzera sarudzo kune dzakaoma redunhu madhizaini.
Iyo yakaturikidzana seti inobatsira kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwemagetsi uye kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakagadzikana.
High-density interconnects rega mainjiniya avake mabhodhi epamberi ekudzora zvikamu uye mamwe masisitimu.
Kushandiswa kwepasirese mumayuniti ekudzora mota kunoratidza mabhodhi aya anoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Tafura iri pazasi inodonhedza mabhenefiti makuru e-multi-layer uye yakakwirira-density board:
mamiriro | Batsirwa |
|---|---|
More layers | Higher circuit density |
Close layer proximity | Zvirinani kuita chiratidzo |
Layered chimiro | Kuderera kwemagetsi emagetsi |
Dhizaini inochinja | Inotsigira maitiro akaoma |
Mainjiniya anoshandisa mabhodhi aya kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zve ev tekinoroji.
Motokari Yemagetsi Kuchaja maPCB
Yakakwirira-Simba Circuit Dhizaini
Mainjiniya vanogadzira mabhodhi e evc ekubata magetsi akasimba uye ma voltage. Mabhodhi aya anoshandisa zvidimbu zvemhangura zvakakora kuti anotakura magetsi akawanda. Mhangura yakakora inobatsirawo kubvisa kupisa kubva pazvikamu zvakakosha. Maitiro akaitwa pcb akakosha zvikuru. Kana ukaisa zvikamu zvinopisa kure, zvinobatsira kuderedza kupisa uye ruzha rwemagetsi. Mitsetse yakafara yemhangura uye masks akakora anofukidza nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nemhangura yakakora. Izvi zvinotevera mitemo yeIPC yekuchengetedza.
Zvishandiso zvine yakakwira Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) regai mainjiniya aise zvikamu zvemhangura pamwe chete. Izvi zvinoita kuti evc board ive diki asi ichiri yakachengeteka. Mainjiniya anoshandisa nzira dzekudzora kupisa senge masingi ekupisa, kuyerera kwemhepo, uye inorema mhangura mukati mebhodhi. Yakawanda sei nzvimbo yaunoda zvinoenderana nemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, njanji dzakaparadzana 1 mm pa48V uye 16 mm dzakaparadzana pa480V. Conformal coatings inochengeta mvura neguruva kubva pcb. Izvi zvinoita kuti evc system ishande zvirinani uye igare kwenguva refu.
Zano: Gara uchitarisa kuti sisitimu yekutarisira mabhatiri nemabhodhi e evc zvinotevedzera mitemo yeIPC-SM-840 yeukobvu hwemasiki e solder uye insulation.
Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye Dziviriro
Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye kudzivirira kwakakosha pakuchaja kwakachengeteka. Mainjiniya anoshandisa zvipingamupinyi sematransformer uye optocoupler kuchengetedza yakakwira voltage kure nemasekete ekudzora. Izvi zvinomisa kuvhunduka kwemagetsi uye zvinochengetedza bhatiri. Zvidziviriro zvekudzivirira zvakaita seRCDs, fuse, uye mabreaker breaker anomisa yakawandisa ikozvino kana voltage kubva mukukuvadza evc system.
Kudzora kupisa kunokosha zvakare. Kupisa kunyura, mapedhi ekupisa, uye masensa anotarisa tembiricha uye anogona kudzima sisitimu kana ikanyanya kupisa. Kugadzika kwakanaka kunopa nzira yakachengeteka yekuwedzera ikozvino uye inobatsira nemagetsi kuenderana. Mainjiniya anotevera mitemo yeIEC senge IEC 61851 uye IEC 61000 kuve nechokwadi chekuti evc mabhodhi akachengeteka uye akavimbika kwese kwese.
Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza nzira dzakajairika dzekudzivirira evc mabhodhi:
Dziviriro Nzira | chinangwa |
|---|---|
Zvipingamupinyi zvekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe | Rega kuvhunduka kwemagetsi |
RCDs uye fuse | Misa yakawandisa ikozvino/voltage |
Thermal sensors | Tarisa uye udzore kupisa |
Kusvipa | Nzira yakachengeteka yekuwedzera ikozvino |
Aya matanho anobatsira kuchengetedza bhatiri, pcb, uye evc system yakachengeteka paunenge uchichaja mota yemagetsi.
Digitalization muMotokari PCB Dhizaini
Simulation Zvishandiso
Zvishandiso zvekufananidzira zvakachinja magadzirirwo emabhodhi emota nemainjiniya. Zvishandiso izvi zvinoita kuti mapoka aedze mazano asati agadzira mabhodhi chaiwo. Mainjiniya anoshandisa mamodheru edhijitari kuti vaone mashandiro anoita maseketi mumamiriro ezvinhu akawanda. Vanogona kutarisa kupisa, kurasikirwa nemasaini, kana ruzha rwemagetsi. Izvi zvinobatsira mapoka kuwana nekugadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza. Zvinochengetedza nguva nemari.
Mainjiniya mazhinji anoshandisa SPICE simulators kudzidza maseketi. Ivo zvakare vanoshandisa thermal software kuona kuti kupisa kunofamba sei pabhodhi. Mamwe maturusi anobatsira kuyedza kukanganiswa kwe electromagnetic. Aya maturusi edhijitari anobatsira mainjiniya kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yemotokari. Ivo zvakare vanove nechokwadi chekuti tekinoroji inoshanda nemazvo mumotokari chaidzo.
Zano: Zvikwata zvinofanirwa kugara vachishandisa maturusi ekuenzanisa vasati vagadzira bhodhi idzva. Iyi nhanho inobatsira kudzivirira kukanganisa kunodhura uye kuchengetedza tekinoroji yakachengeteka.
Dhizaini yeKuedza
Dhizaini yekuedzwa kwakakosha zvakanyanya mukugadzira bhodhi remota. Mainjiniya anoronga bhodhi saka zviri nyore kuyedza. Kuongororwa kwakanaka kunobatsira kuwana matambudziko nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinochengetedza tekinoroji yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika. Mumotokari, kuchengeteka uye kunaka kwakakosha.
Mainjiniya anowedzera bvunzo mapoinzi kubhodhi. Aya mapoinzi anoita kuti michina itarise kana masekete anoshanda nemazvo. Vanoshandisawo maitiro ekuzviongorora. Aya maficha anobatsira bhodhi kuti rizviongorore pacharo kana paine zvikanganiso. Zvikwata zvinowanzo shandisa otomatiki midziyo yekuyedza kuita kuti kuyedza ikurumidze.
Tafura pazasi inoratidza zvakajairika testability maficha mune mota tekinoroji:
Testability Feature | Batsirwa |
|---|---|
Test points | Zviri nyore kutarisa masekete |
Self-test circuits | Inotsvaga kukanganisa nekukurumidza |
Automated testing | Inochengetedza nguva uye inovandudza kunaka |
Mainjiniya emota anoshandisa nzira idzi kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti bhodhi rega rega rinosangana nemitemo. Kuedza kwakanaka kunobatsira kuchengetedza tekinoroji yemotokari yakachengeteka uye yakasimba.
Mainjiniya anogadzira maPCB emotokari dzemagetsi anofanira kufunga nezvekuchengetedzwa uye kuvimbika. Vanofanirawo kutevedzera mitemo. Tekinoroji itsva inounza maPCB anochinjika uye ane layer yakawanda . Mabhodhi ane frequency yakakwira anobatsira pakutaurirana. Zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda zvino zvave kushandiswa kakawanda. Dhizaini yePCB yemotokari inochinja sezvo mitemo mitsva netekinoroji zvichionekwa. Mapoka akaita seSimuTech anobatsira nekupa mazano, kuyedza, uye mazano ekugadzira. Mapoka anogona kugadzira masisitimu eEV neEVC akachengeteka uye ari nani nekudzidza mitemo yazvino uye kushanda nenyanzvi.
FAQ
Chii chinoita kuti PCB dhizaini yemotokari dzemagetsi isiyane neyakajairwa mota PCBs?
Motokari dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa mavheti akakwirira uye mafungu. MaPCB avo anoda kubata kupisa kwakawanda uye simba kupfuura zvakajairika mota mabhodhi. Vagadziri vanotora zvakakosha zvinhu uye akangwara marongero. Izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza mapuranga akachengeteka uye achishanda zvakanaka.
Sei mainjiniya vachishandisa akawanda-layer PCBs mumotokari dzemagetsi?
MaPCB ane layer yakawanda anobatsira kuchengetedza nzvimbo mukati memotokari dzemagetsi. Anobvumira mainjiniya kuisa macircuit akaomarara munzvimbo diki. Mabhodhi aya anobatsirawo kudzora kupisa uye kuderedza ruzha rwemagetsi. Hunhu hwemasaini hunovandudzika muma EV systems epamusoro.
Vagadziri vanoedza sei kunaka kweEV PCBs?
Vagadziri vanoshandisa Automated Optical Inspection, X-ray cheki, uye bvunzo dzemagetsi. Iyi bvunzo inobatsira kuwana matambudziko nekukurumidza mabhodhi asati ashandiswa. Kudzora kwemhando inoita shuwa kuti bhodhi rega rega rinosangana nemitemo yakasimba yeindasitiri yemotokari.
Ndeapi mazinga anofanirwa kuteverwa neEV PCB kuitira kuchengeteka uye kuvimbika?
EV PCBs dzinofanira kusangana neIPC-A-610, ISO 26262, AEC-Q100, uye IPC-2221B mitemo. Iyi mitemo inovhara kunaka, kuchengeteka, uye kuvimbika kwemabhodhi emotokari. Kutevedzera mitemo iyi kunobatsira kuchengetedza vatyairi nemotokari dzavo.
